我想保持我的.bashrc和.bash_login文件在版本控制，以便我可以在我使用的所有计算机之间使用它们。问题是我有一些操作系统特定的别名，所以我正在寻找一种方法来确定脚本是否在Mac OS X, Linux或Cygwin上运行。
在Bash脚本中检测操作系统的正确方法是什么?
当前回答
我认为以下几点应该有用。不过我对win32不太确定。
if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu"* ]]; then
# ...
elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then
# Mac OSX
elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "cygwin" ]]; then
# POSIX compatibility layer and Linux environment emulation for Windows
elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "msys" ]]; then
# Lightweight shell and GNU utilities compiled for Windows (part of MinGW)
elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "win32" ]]; then
# I'm not sure this can happen.
elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "freebsd"* ]]; then
# ...
else
# Unknown.
fi
其他回答
uname
or
uname -a
如果你想了解更多信息
我认为以下几点应该有用。不过我对win32不太确定。
if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu"* ]]; then
# ...
elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then
# Mac OSX
elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "cygwin" ]]; then
# POSIX compatibility layer and Linux environment emulation for Windows
elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "msys" ]]; then
# Lightweight shell and GNU utilities compiled for Windows (part of MinGW)
elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "win32" ]]; then
# I'm not sure this can happen.
elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "freebsd"* ]]; then
# ...
else
# Unknown.
fi
在bash中，使用$OSTYPE和$HOSTTYPE，如文档所示;这就是我的工作。如果这还不够，如果甚至uname或uname -a(或其他适当的选项)都没有提供足够的信息，那么总是有配置。猜测脚本来自GNU项目，正是为了这个目的。
bash manpage说变量OSTYPE存储了操作系统的名称:
OSTYPE自动设置为描述bash正在执行的操作系统的字符串。默认为system- 相关的。
它在这里被设置为linux-gnu。
我建议使用这个完整的bash代码
lowercase(){
echo "$1" | sed "y/ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ/abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz/"
}
OS=`lowercase \`uname\``
KERNEL=`uname -r`
MACH=`uname -m`
if [ "{$OS}" == "windowsnt" ]; then
OS=windows
elif [ "{$OS}" == "darwin" ]; then
OS=mac
else
OS=`uname`
if [ "${OS}" = "SunOS" ] ; then
OS=Solaris
ARCH=`uname -p`
OSSTR="${OS} ${REV}(${ARCH} `uname -v`)"
elif [ "${OS}" = "AIX" ] ; then
OSSTR="${OS} `oslevel` (`oslevel -r`)"
elif [ "${OS}" = "Linux" ] ; then
if [ -f /etc/redhat-release ] ; then
DistroBasedOn='RedHat'
DIST=`cat /etc/redhat-release |sed s/\ release.*//`
PSUEDONAME=`cat /etc/redhat-release | sed s/.*\(// | sed s/\)//`
REV=`cat /etc/redhat-release | sed s/.*release\ // | sed s/\ .*//`
elif [ -f /etc/SuSE-release ] ; then
DistroBasedOn='SuSe'
PSUEDONAME=`cat /etc/SuSE-release | tr "\n" ' '| sed s/VERSION.*//`
REV=`cat /etc/SuSE-release | tr "\n" ' ' | sed s/.*=\ //`
elif [ -f /etc/mandrake-release ] ; then
DistroBasedOn='Mandrake'
PSUEDONAME=`cat /etc/mandrake-release | sed s/.*\(// | sed s/\)//`
REV=`cat /etc/mandrake-release | sed s/.*release\ // | sed s/\ .*//`
elif [ -f /etc/debian_version ] ; then
DistroBasedOn='Debian'
DIST=`cat /etc/lsb-release | grep '^DISTRIB_ID' | awk -F= '{ print $2 }'`
PSUEDONAME=`cat /etc/lsb-release | grep '^DISTRIB_CODENAME' | awk -F= '{ print $2 }'`
REV=`cat /etc/lsb-release | grep '^DISTRIB_RELEASE' | awk -F= '{ print $2 }'`
fi
if [ -f /etc/UnitedLinux-release ] ; then
DIST="${DIST}[`cat /etc/UnitedLinux-release | tr "\n" ' ' | sed s/VERSION.*//`]"
fi
OS=`lowercase $OS`
DistroBasedOn=`lowercase $DistroBasedOn`
readonly OS
readonly DIST
readonly DistroBasedOn
readonly PSUEDONAME
readonly REV
readonly KERNEL
readonly MACH
fi
fi
echo $OS
echo $KERNEL
echo $MACH
更多的例子在这里:https://github.com/coto/server-easy-install/blob/master/lib/core.sh
