简而言之:

工厂是用于创建具有相同行为的多个对象，而策略是用于具有不同工作方式的一个对象。

工厂(方法)模式。

只创建具体实例。不同的参数可能导致不同的对象。这取决于逻辑等等。

战略模式。

封装算法(步骤)以执行操作。所以你可以改变策略，使用另一种算法。

虽然两者看起来非常相似，但目的却截然不同，一个目的是创造，另一个目的是执行动作。

所以。如果你的Factory方法是固定的，你可以像这样:

 public Command getCommand( int operatingSystem ) { 
      switch( operatingSystem ) { 
           case UNIX    :
           case LINUX   : return new UnixCommand();
           case WINDOWS : return new WindowsCommand();
           case OSX     : return new OSXCommand();
       }
  }

但是假设您的工厂需要更高级或更动态的创建。你可以在工厂方法中添加策略并在不需要重新编译的情况下更改它，策略可以在运行时更改。

您不能仅仅通过查看代码或分类来理解其中的区别。要正确掌握GoF模式，请寻找它们的意图:

策略:“定义一系列算法，封装每个算法，并使它们可互换。策略让算法独立于使用它的客户而变化。”

工厂方法:定义一个用于创建对象的接口，但是让子类来决定实例化哪个类。工厂方法允许类延迟实例化到子类。

下面是关于这两种模式的意图和区别的详细解释:工厂方法和策略设计模式的区别

简而言之:

工厂是用于创建具有相同行为的多个对象，而策略是用于具有不同工作方式的一个对象。

First of all a difference between simple factory and abstract factory must be made. The first one is a simple factory where you only have one class which acts as a factory for object creation, while in the latter you connect to an factory interface (which defines the method names) and then call the different factories that implement this interface which are supposed to have different implementations of the same method based on some criteria. For example, we have a ButtonCreationFactory interface, which is implemented by two factories, the first WindowsButtonCreationFactory (creates buttons with Windows look and feel) and the second LinuxButtonCreationFactory (creates buttons with Linux look and feel). So both these factories do have the same creation method with different implementations (algorithms). You can reference this in runtime based on the method that you type of button that you want.

例如，如果你想要带有Linux外观和感觉的按钮:

ButtonCreationFactory myFactory = new LinuxButtonCreationFactory();
Button button1 = myFactory.createButton(...);

或者你想要Windows按钮

ButtonCreationFactory myFactory = new WindowsButtonCreationFactory();
Button button1 = myFactory.createButton(...);

Exactly in this case, it results in a kind of strategy pattern, since it differentiates algorithms for doing some creation. However, it differs from it semantically because it is used for OBJECT CREATION rather than operational algorithms. So, basically with abstract factory you have object creation using different strategies, which makes it very similar to the strategy pattern. However the AbstractFactory is creational, while the Strategy pattern is operational. Implementation wise, they result to be the same.

工厂模式是关于决定创建哪个对象，而策略模式是关于使用创建的对象。例如，使用哪种策略可以由工厂模式决定