我在渲染函数中有一个简单的表单,如下所示:

render : function() {
      return (
        <form>
          <input type="text" name="email" placeholder="Email" />
          <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" />
          <button type="button" onClick={this.handleLogin}>Login</button>
        </form>
      );
    },
handleLogin: function() {
   //How to access email and password here ?
}

我应该在我的handleLogin: function(){…}访问电子邮件和密码字段?


当前回答

下面是从表单中获取数据的最短方法,也是使用FormData避免id和ref的最佳方法

import React, { Component } from 'react'

class FormComponent extends Component {
  formSubmit = (event) => {
    event.preventDefault()
    var data = new FormData(event.target)
    let formObject = Object.fromEntries(data.entries())
    console.log(formObject)
  }
  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <form onSubmit={this.formSubmit}>
          <label>Name</label>
          <input name="name" placeholder="name" />
          <label>Email</label>
          <input type="email" name="email" />
          <input type="submit" />
        </form>
      </div>
    )
  }
}
export default FormComponent

其他回答

有几种方法可以做到这一点:

1)通过索引从数组的表单元素中获取值

handleSubmit = (event) => {
  event.preventDefault();
  console.log(event.target[0].value)
}

2)在html中使用name属性

handleSubmit = (event) => {
  event.preventDefault();
  console.log(event.target.elements.username.value) // from elements property
  console.log(event.target.username.value)          // or directly
}

<input type="text" name="username"/>

3)使用裁判

handleSubmit = (event) => {
  console.log(this.inputNode.value)
}

<input type="text" name="username" ref={node => (this.inputNode = node)}/>

完整的示例

class NameForm extends React.Component {
  handleSubmit = (event) => {
    event.preventDefault()
    console.log(event.target[0].value)
    console.log(event.target.elements.username.value)
    console.log(event.target.username.value)
    console.log(this.inputNode.value)
  }
  render() {
    return (
      <form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
        <label>
          Name:
          <input
            type="text"
            name="username"
            ref={node => (this.inputNode = node)}
          />
        </label>
        <button type="submit">Submit</button>
      </form>
    )
  }
}
<form onSubmit={handleLogin}>
      <input type="text" name="email" placeholder="Email" />
      <input type="text" name="password" placeholder="Password" />
      <button type="submit">Login</button>
</form>

const handleLogin = (event) => {
    event.preventDefault(); 
    console.log(event.target[0].value)
    console.log(event.target[1].value)         
  }

这是最简单的方法

const formValidator = (form) => {
    let returnData = {}
    console.log(form.length);

    for (let i = 0; i < form.length; i++) {
        const data = form[i]
        if (data.name != null && data.name != "") {
            returnData[data.name] = data.value;
        }
    }
    return returnData
}

在形式上

<form onSubmit={(e) => {
          e.preventDefault()
          let data = formValidator(e.currentTarget)
         }}>
          <RoundTextFiled name='app-id' style={{ marginTop: '10px', borderRadius: '20px' }} label="App id" fullWidth required />
          <RoundTextFiled name='api-hash' style={{ marginTop: '5px' }} label="Api hash" fullWidth required />
          <RoundTextFiled name='channel-id' style={{ marginTop: '5px' }} label="Channel id" fullWidth required />
          <Button type='submit' variant="contained" fullWidth style={{ padding: '10px', marginTop: '5px', borderRadius: '10px' }}>Login</Button>
        </form>

我建议采取以下方法:

import {Autobind} from 'es-decorators';

export class Form extends Component {

    @Autobind
    handleChange(e) {
        this.setState({[e.target.name]: e.target.value});
    }

    @Autobind
    add(e) {
        e.preventDefault();
        this.collection.add(this.state);
        this.refs.form.reset();
    }

    shouldComponentUpdate() {
        return false;
    }

    render() {
        return (
            <form onSubmit={this.add} ref="form">
                <input type="text" name="desination" onChange={this.handleChange}/>
                <input type="date" name="startDate" onChange={this.handleChange}/>
                <input type="date" name="endDate" onChange={this.handleChange}/>
                <textarea name="description" onChange={this.handleChange}/>
                <button type="submit">Add</button>
            </form>
        )
    }

}

对于那些不想使用ref和OnChange事件重置状态的人,你可以只使用简单的OnSubmit句柄和循环FormData对象。

注意,你不能直接访问formData.entries(),因为它是一个可迭代对象,你必须循环遍历它。

这个例子使用了React Hooks:

const LoginPage = () => {
  const handleSubmit = (event) => {
    const formData = new FormData(event.currentTarget);
    event.preventDefault();
    for (let [key, value] of formData.entries()) {
      console.log(key, value);
    }
  };

  return (
    <div>
      <form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
        <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="Email" />
        <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" />
        <button type="submit">Login</button>
      </form>
    </div>
  );
};

如果你使用的是TypeScript:

export const LoginPage: React.FC<{}> = () => {
  const handleSubmit: React.FormEventHandler<HTMLFormElement> = (event) => {
    const formData = new FormData(event.currentTarget);
    event.preventDefault();
    for (let [key, value] of formData.entries()) {
      console.log(key, value);
    }
  };

  return (
    <div>
      <form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
        <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="Email" />
        <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" />
        <button type="submit">Login</button>
      </form>
    </div>
  );
};