当我运行Java应用程序时,我得到了一个NoClassDefFoundError。造成这种情况的典型原因是什么?


当前回答

同一项目的两个不同的签出副本

In my case, the problem was Eclipse's inability to differentiate between two different copies of the same project. I have one locked on trunk (SVN version control) and the other one working in one branch at a time. I tried out one change in the working copy as a JUnit test case, which included extracting a private inner class to be a public class on its own and while it was working, I open the other copy of the project to look around at some other part of the code that needed changes. At some point, the NoClassDefFoundError popped up complaining that the private inner class was not there; double-clicking in the stack trace brought me to the source file in the wrong project copy.

关闭项目的主干副本并再次运行测试用例可以解决这个问题。

其他回答

更新[https://www.infoq.com/articles/single-file-execution-java11/]:

在Java SE 11中,可以选择启动单个源代码文件 直接,不需要中间编译。为了方便大家, 所以像你这样的新手不需要运行javac + Java(当然, 让他们感到困惑)。

我从SRC库中删除了两个文件后得到了这个消息,当我把它们带回来时,我一直看到这个错误消息。

我的解决方案是:重新启动Eclipse。从那以后我就再没见过这条消息了:-)

如果您有生成代码(EMF等),可能会有太多的静态初始化器,这会占用所有的堆栈空间。

参见堆栈溢出问题如何增加Java堆栈大小?。

当静态初始化器试图加载一个在运行时不可用的资源包时,也会发生NoClassDefFoundError,例如受影响的类试图从META-INF目录加载一个属性文件,但不存在。如果你没有捕获NoClassDefFoundError,有时你将无法看到完整的堆栈跟踪;为了克服这个问题,你可以临时为Throwable使用一个catch子句:

try {
    // Statement(s) that cause(s) the affected class to be loaded
} catch (Throwable t) {
    Logger.getLogger("<logger-name>").info("Loading my class went wrong", t);
}

我发现,当使用运行时发现的不兼容的类版本编译代码时,有时会得到NoClassDefFound错误。我记得的具体实例是apache axis库。在我的运行时类路径上实际上有2个版本,它正在挑选过时和不兼容的版本,而不是正确的版本,导致NoClassDefFound错误。这是在一个命令行应用程序中,我正在使用类似的命令。

set classpath=%classpath%;axis.jar

我能够让它拿起正确的版本使用:

set classpath=axis.jar;%classpath%;