AsyncTask Android示例

我正在阅读有关AsyncTask的文章，并尝试了下面的简单程序。但这似乎并不奏效。我该怎么做呢?

public class AsyncTaskActivity extends Activity {

    Button btn;

    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);

        btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
        btn.setOnClickListener((OnClickListener) this);
    }

    public void onClick(View view){
        new LongOperation().execute("");
    }

    private class LongOperation extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String> {
        @Override
        protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
            for(int i=0;i<5;i++) {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            TextView txt = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.output);
            txt.setText("Executed");
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
        }

        @Override
        protected void onProgressUpdate(Void... values) {
        }
    }
}

我只是试图在后台进程中5秒后更改标签。

这是我的main.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
              android:layout_width="fill_parent"
              android:layout_height="fill_parent"
              android:orientation="vertical" >
    <ProgressBar
        android:id="@+id/progressBar"
        style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:indeterminate="false"
        android:max="10"
        android:padding="10dip">
    </ProgressBar>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Start Progress" >
    </Button>
    <TextView android:id="@+id/output"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Replace"/>
</LinearLayout>

当前回答

当你在工作线程中，你不能直接操作Android上的UI元素。

当你使用AsyncTask时，请理解回调方法。

例如:

public class MyAyncTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void>{

    @Override
    protected void onPreExecute() {
        // Here you can show progress bar or something on the similar lines.
        // Since you are in a UI thread here.
        super.onPreExecute();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(Void aVoid) {
        super.onPostExecute(aVoid);
        // After completing execution of given task, control will return here.
        // Hence if you want to populate UI elements with fetched data, do it here.
    }

    @Override
    protected void onProgressUpdate(Void... values) {
        super.onProgressUpdate(values);
        // You can track you progress update here
    }

    @Override
    protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {
        // Here you are in the worker thread and you are not allowed to access UI thread from here.
        // Here you can perform network operations or any heavy operations you want.
        return null;
    }
}

仅供参考: 要从工作线程访问UI线程，您可以在视图上使用runOnUiThread()方法或post方法。

例如:

runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
    textView.setText("something.");
});

or
    yourview.post(new Runnable() {
    yourview.setText("something");
});

这将帮助你更好地了解事情。因此在你的情况下，你需要在onPostExecute()方法中设置你的textview。

2015-12-22 18:25:29

其他回答

好的，您正在尝试通过另一个线程访问GUI。总的来说，这不是一种好的做法。

AsyncTask在另一个线程中执行doInBackground()中的所有内容，该线程不能访问视图所在的GUI。

preExecute()和postExecute()提供了在这个新线程中发生重大操作之前和之后访问GUI的权限，甚至可以将长时间操作的结果传递给postExecute()，然后显示处理的任何结果。

看到这些行，你稍后更新你的TextView:

TextView txt = findViewById(R.id.output);
txt.setText("Executed");

把它们放在onPostExecute()中。

然后你会看到你的TextView文本更新后，doInBackground完成。

我注意到你的onClick监听器没有检查哪个视图已被选中。我发现最简单的方法是通过switch语句。我有一个完整的类编辑下面所有的建议，以避免混乱。

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.Settings.System;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

public class AsyncTaskActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {

    Button btn;
    AsyncTask<?, ?, ?> runningTask;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        btn = findViewById(R.id.button1);

        // Because we implement OnClickListener, we only
        // have to pass "this" (much easier)
        btn.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        // Detect the view that was "clicked"
        switch (view.getId()) {
        case R.id.button1:
            if (runningTask != null)
                runningTask.cancel(true);
            runningTask = new LongOperation();
            runningTask.execute();
            break;
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        // Cancel running task(s) to avoid memory leaks
        if (runningTask != null)
            runningTask.cancel(true);
    }

    private final class LongOperation extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, String> {

        @Override
        protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    // We were cancelled; stop sleeping!
                }
            }
            return "Executed";
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
            TextView txt = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.output);
            txt.setText("Executed"); // txt.setText(result);
            // You might want to change "executed" for the returned string
            // passed into onPostExecute(), but that is up to you
        }
    }
}

2012-03-12 17:12:49

我相信它是正确执行，但你试图改变UI元素在后台线程，这不会做。

修改你的调用和AsyncTask如下:

调用类

注意:我个人建议在任何执行AsyncTask线程的地方使用onPostExecute()，而不是在扩展AsyncTask本身的类中。我认为这使代码更容易阅读，特别是如果你需要AsyncTask在多个地方处理略有不同的结果。

new LongThread() {
    @Override public void onPostExecute(String result) {
        TextView txt = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.output);
        txt.setText(result);
    }
}.execute("");

LongThread类(extends AsyncTask):

@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    return "Executed";
}

2012-03-12 17:15:07

当一个异步任务执行时，该任务经过四个步骤:

onPreExecute () doInBackground (Params…) onProgressUpdate(进步…) onPostExecute(结果)

下面是一个演示示例:

private class DownloadFilesTask extends AsyncTask<URL, Integer, Long> {

    protected Long doInBackground(URL... urls) {
        int count = urls.length;
        long totalSize = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            totalSize += Downloader.downloadFile(urls[i]);
            publishProgress((int) ((i / (float) count) * 100));

            // Escape early if cancel() is called
            if (isCancelled())
                break;
        }
        return totalSize;
    }

    protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... progress) {
        setProgressPercent(progress[0]);
    }

    protected void onPostExecute(Long result) {
        showDialog("Downloaded " + result + " bytes");
    }
 }

一旦你创建了一个任务，执行起来非常简单:

new DownloadFilesTask().execute(url1, url2, url3);

2014-01-23 11:20:21

你需要声明按钮onclicklistener。一旦单击，它就调用AsyncTask类DownloadJson。

流程如下:

@Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);

        btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);

        btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                new DownloadJson().execute();
            }
        });
    }

    // DownloadJSON AsyncTask
    private class DownloadJson extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> {
        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            super.onPreExecute();
        }

        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {
            newlist = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();
            json = jsonParser.makeHttpRequest(json, "POST");
            try {
                newarray = new JSONArray(json);
                    for (int i = 0; i < countdisplay; i++) {
                        HashMap<String, String> eachnew = new HashMap<String, String>();
                        newobject = newarray.getJSONObject(i);
                        eachnew.put("id", newobject.getString("ID"));
                        eachnew.put("name", newobject.getString("Name"));
                        newlist.add(eachnew);
                    }
                }
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                Log.e("Error", e.getMessage());
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Void args) {
            newlisttemp.addAll(newlist);
            NewAdapterpager newadapterpager = new NewAdapterpager(ProcesssActivitypager.this, newlisttemp);
            newpager.setAdapter(newadapterpager);
        }
    }

2014-06-25 04:35:45