我正在阅读有关AsyncTask的文章，并尝试了下面的简单程序。但这似乎并不奏效。我该怎么做呢?
public class AsyncTaskActivity extends Activity {
Button btn;
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
btn.setOnClickListener((OnClickListener) this);
}
public void onClick(View view){
new LongOperation().execute("");
}
private class LongOperation extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String> {
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
for(int i=0;i<5;i++) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
TextView txt = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.output);
txt.setText("Executed");
return null;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Void... values) {
}
}
}
我只是试图在后台进程中5秒后更改标签。
这是我的main.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<ProgressBar
android:id="@+id/progressBar"
style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:indeterminate="false"
android:max="10"
android:padding="10dip">
</ProgressBar>
<Button
android:id="@+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Start Progress" >
</Button>
<TextView android:id="@+id/output"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Replace"/>
</LinearLayout>
带进度的AsyncTask示例示例
import android.animation.ObjectAnimator;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.animation.AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator;
import android.view.animation.DecelerateInterpolator;
import android.view.animation.LinearInterpolator;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class AsyncTaskActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
Button btn;
ProgressBar progressBar;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
btn.setOnClickListener(this);
progressBar = (ProgressBar)findViewById(R.id.pbar);
}
public void onClick(View view) {
switch (view.getId()) {
case R.id.button1:
new LongOperation().execute("");
break;
}
}
private class LongOperation extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String> {
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
Log.d("AsyncTask", "doInBackground");
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
try {
Log.d("AsyncTask", "task "+(i + 1));
publishProgress(i + 1);
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.interrupted();
}
}
return "Completed";
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
Log.d("AsyncTask", "onPostExecute");
TextView txt = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.output);
txt.setText(result);
progressBar.setProgress(0);
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
Log.d("AsyncTask", "onPreExecute");
TextView txt = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.output);
txt.setText("onPreExecute");
progressBar.setMax(500);
progressBar.setProgress(0);
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
Log.d("AsyncTask", "onProgressUpdate "+values[0]);
TextView txt = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.output);
txt.setText("onProgressUpdate "+values[0]);
ObjectAnimator animation = ObjectAnimator.ofInt(progressBar, "progress", 100 * values[0]);
animation.setDuration(1000);
animation.setInterpolator(new LinearInterpolator());
animation.start();
}
}
}
好的，您正在尝试通过另一个线程访问GUI。总的来说，这不是一种好的做法。
AsyncTask在另一个线程中执行doInBackground()中的所有内容，该线程不能访问视图所在的GUI。
preExecute()和postExecute()提供了在这个新线程中发生重大操作之前和之后访问GUI的权限，甚至可以将长时间操作的结果传递给postExecute()，然后显示处理的任何结果。
看到这些行，你稍后更新你的TextView:
TextView txt = findViewById(R.id.output);
txt.setText("Executed");
把它们放在onPostExecute()中。
然后你会看到你的TextView文本更新后，doInBackground完成。
我注意到你的onClick监听器没有检查哪个视图已被选中。我发现最简单的方法是通过switch语句。我有一个完整的类编辑下面所有的建议，以避免混乱。
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.Settings.System;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
public class AsyncTaskActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
Button btn;
AsyncTask<?, ?, ?> runningTask;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
btn = findViewById(R.id.button1);
// Because we implement OnClickListener, we only
// have to pass "this" (much easier)
btn.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
// Detect the view that was "clicked"
switch (view.getId()) {
case R.id.button1:
if (runningTask != null)
runningTask.cancel(true);
runningTask = new LongOperation();
runningTask.execute();
break;
}
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
// Cancel running task(s) to avoid memory leaks
if (runningTask != null)
runningTask.cancel(true);
}
private final class LongOperation extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, String> {
@Override
protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// We were cancelled; stop sleeping!
}
}
return "Executed";
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
TextView txt = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.output);
txt.setText("Executed"); // txt.setText(result);
// You might want to change "executed" for the returned string
// passed into onPostExecute(), but that is up to you
}
}
}
带进度的AsyncTask示例示例
import android.animation.ObjectAnimator;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.animation.AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator;
import android.view.animation.DecelerateInterpolator;
import android.view.animation.LinearInterpolator;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class AsyncTaskActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
Button btn;
ProgressBar progressBar;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
btn.setOnClickListener(this);
progressBar = (ProgressBar)findViewById(R.id.pbar);
}
public void onClick(View view) {
switch (view.getId()) {
case R.id.button1:
new LongOperation().execute("");
break;
}
}
private class LongOperation extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String> {
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
Log.d("AsyncTask", "doInBackground");
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
try {
Log.d("AsyncTask", "task "+(i + 1));
publishProgress(i + 1);
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.interrupted();
}
}
return "Completed";
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
Log.d("AsyncTask", "onPostExecute");
TextView txt = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.output);
txt.setText(result);
progressBar.setProgress(0);
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
Log.d("AsyncTask", "onPreExecute");
TextView txt = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.output);
txt.setText("onPreExecute");
progressBar.setMax(500);
progressBar.setProgress(0);
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
Log.d("AsyncTask", "onProgressUpdate "+values[0]);
TextView txt = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.output);
txt.setText("onProgressUpdate "+values[0]);
ObjectAnimator animation = ObjectAnimator.ofInt(progressBar, "progress", 100 * values[0]);
animation.setDuration(1000);
animation.setInterpolator(new LinearInterpolator());
animation.start();
}
}
}
我相信它是正确执行，但你试图改变UI元素在后台线程，这不会做。
修改你的调用和AsyncTask如下:
调用类
注意:我个人建议在任何执行AsyncTask线程的地方使用onPostExecute()，而不是在扩展AsyncTask本身的类中。我认为这使代码更容易阅读，特别是如果你需要AsyncTask在多个地方处理略有不同的结果。
new LongThread() {
@Override public void onPostExecute(String result) {
TextView txt = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.output);
txt.setText(result);
}
}.execute("");
LongThread类(extends AsyncTask):
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return "Executed";
}
你需要声明按钮onclicklistener。一旦单击，它就调用AsyncTask类DownloadJson。
流程如下:
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
new DownloadJson().execute();
}
});
}
// DownloadJSON AsyncTask
private class DownloadJson extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> {
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
super.onPreExecute();
}
@Override
protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {
newlist = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();
json = jsonParser.makeHttpRequest(json, "POST");
try {
newarray = new JSONArray(json);
for (int i = 0; i < countdisplay; i++) {
HashMap<String, String> eachnew = new HashMap<String, String>();
newobject = newarray.getJSONObject(i);
eachnew.put("id", newobject.getString("ID"));
eachnew.put("name", newobject.getString("Name"));
newlist.add(eachnew);
}
}
} catch (JSONException e) {
Log.e("Error", e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Void args) {
newlisttemp.addAll(newlist);
NewAdapterpager newadapterpager = new NewAdapterpager(ProcesssActivitypager.this, newlisttemp);
newpager.setAdapter(newadapterpager);
}
}
private class AsyncTaskDemo extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> {
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
super.onPreExecute();
// Showing progress dialog
progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(this);
progressDialog.setMessage("Loading...");
progressDialog.setCancelable(false);
progressDialog.show();
}
@Override
protected Void doInBackground(Void... arg0) {
// Do code here
return null;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Void result) {
super.onPostExecute(result);
// Dismiss the progress dialog
if (progressDialog.isShowing()) {
progressDialog.dismiss();
}
}
@Override
protected void onCancelled() {
super.onCancelled();
progressDialog.dismiss();
Toast toast = Toast.makeText(
getActivity(),
"An error is occurred due to some problem",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
toast.setGravity(Gravity.TOP, 25, 400);
toast.show();
}
}
