如果你看到不能下标一个类型为'String'的值…使用这个扩展:

斯威夫特3

extension String {
    subscript (i: Int) -> Character {
        return self[self.characters.index(self.startIndex, offsetBy: i)]
    }

    subscript (i: Int) -> String {
        return String(self[i] as Character)
    }

    subscript (r: Range<Int>) -> String {
        let start = index(startIndex, offsetBy: r.lowerBound)
        let end = index(startIndex, offsetBy: r.upperBound)
        return self[start..<end]
    }

    subscript (r: ClosedRange<Int>) -> String {
        let start = index(startIndex, offsetBy: r.lowerBound)
        let end = index(startIndex, offsetBy: r.upperBound)
        return self[start...end]
    }
}

斯威夫特2.3

extension String {
    subscript(integerIndex: Int) -> Character {
        let index = advance(startIndex, integerIndex)
        return self[index]
    }

    subscript(integerRange: Range<Int>) -> String {
        let start = advance(startIndex, integerRange.startIndex)
        let end = advance(startIndex, integerRange.endIndex)
        let range = start..<end
        return self[range]
    }
}

来源:http://oleb.net/blog/2014/07/swift-strings/

我刚想出了一个巧妙的变通办法

var firstChar = Array(string)[0]

对我来说最有效的方法是:

var firstName = "Olivia"
var lastName = "Pope"

var nameInitials.text = "\(firstName.prefix(1))" + "\    (lastName.prefix(1))"

输出:“OP”

顺便说一句，有几个函数可以直接应用于String的字符链表示，像这样:

var string = "Hello, playground"
let firstCharacter = string.characters.first // returns "H"
let lastCharacter = string.characters.last // returns "d"

结果类型为Character，但可以将其转换为String。

或:

let reversedString = String(string.characters.reverse())
// returns "dnuorgyalp ,olleH" 

:-)

你可以通过将字符串转换为数组，并通过下标获得特定的索引，如下所示

var str = "Hello"
let s = Array(str)[2]
print(s)

斯威夫特4

let str = "My String"

索引处的字符串

let index = str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 3)
String(str[index])    // "S"

子字符串

let startIndex = str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 3)
let endIndex = str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 7)
String(str[startIndex...endIndex])     // "Strin"

前n个字符

let startIndex = str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 3)
String(str[..<startIndex])    // "My "

最后n个字符

let startIndex = str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 3)
String(str[startIndex...])    // "String"

Swift 2和3

str = "My String"

**字符串索引**

斯威夫特2

let charAtIndex = String(str[str.startIndex.advancedBy(3)])  // charAtIndex = "S"

斯威夫特3

str[str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 3)]

子字符串fromIndex toIndex

斯威夫特2

let subStr = str[str.startIndex.advancedBy(3)...str.startIndex.advancedBy(7)] // subStr = "Strin"

斯威夫特3

str[str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 3)...str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 7)]

前n个字符

let first2Chars = String(str.characters.prefix(2)) // first2Chars = "My"

最后n个字符

let last3Chars = String(str.characters.suffix(3)) // last3Chars = "ing"