我想指出的是，如果你有一个很大的字符串，并且需要从中随机访问许多字符，你可能想要支付额外的内存成本，并将字符串转换为一个数组以获得更好的性能:

// Pay up front for O(N) memory
let chars = Array(veryLargeString.characters)

for i in 0...veryLargeNumber {
    // Benefit from O(1) access
    print(chars[i])
}

我刚想出了一个巧妙的变通办法

var firstChar = Array(string)[0]

看第一个字母:

first(str) // retrieve first letter

更多: http://sketchytech.blogspot.com/2014/08/swift-pure-swift-method-for-returning.html

下标在这里很有用

但是字符串下标将把参数作为字符串。索引，所以很多人都搞不懂如何传递字符串。索引以获取如何形成字符串的详细信息。索引根据我们的要求，请参阅以下苹果文档

在这里，我创建了一个扩展方法来获取字符串中的第n个字符

extension String {
    subscript(i: Int) -> String {
        return  i < count ? String(self[index(startIndex, offsetBy: i)]) : ""
    }
}

使用

let name = "Narayana Rao"
print(name[11]) //o
print(name[1]) //a
print(name[0]) //N
print(name[30]) //""

如果你传递的索引超出了字符串计数的范围，它将返回空字符串

斯威夫特5.1

这可能是所有答案中最简单的一个。

添加这个扩展:

extension String {
    func retrieveFirstCharacter() -> String? {
        guard self.count > 0 else { return nil }
        let numberOfCharacters = self.count
        return String(self.dropLast(numberOfCharacters - 1))
    }
}

斯威夫特4.2

这个答案是理想的，因为它在一个扩展中扩展了String及其所有子序列(Substring)

public extension StringProtocol {
    
    public subscript (i: Int) -> Element {
        return self[index(startIndex, offsetBy: i)]
    }

    public subscript (bounds: CountableClosedRange<Int>) -> SubSequence {
        let start = index(startIndex, offsetBy: bounds.lowerBound)
        let end = index(startIndex, offsetBy: bounds.upperBound)
        return self[start...end]
    }
    
    public subscript (bounds: CountableRange<Int>) -> SubSequence {
        let start = index(startIndex, offsetBy: bounds.lowerBound)
        let end = index(startIndex, offsetBy: bounds.upperBound)
        return self[start..<end]
    }
    
    public subscript (bounds: PartialRangeUpTo<Int>) -> SubSequence {
        let end = index(startIndex, offsetBy: bounds.upperBound)
        return self[startIndex..<end]
    }
    
    public subscript (bounds: PartialRangeThrough<Int>) -> SubSequence {
        let end = index(startIndex, offsetBy: bounds.upperBound)
        return self[startIndex...end]
    }
    
    public subscript (bounds: CountablePartialRangeFrom<Int>) -> SubSequence {
        let start = index(startIndex, offsetBy: bounds.lowerBound)
        return self[start..<endIndex]
    }
}

使用

var str = "Hello, playground"

print(str[5...][...5][0])
// Prints ","