Xcode 3.2在Build菜单下提供了一个很棒的新功能，“Build and Archive”，它可以生成一个适合Ad Hoc分发的。ipa文件。你也可以打开管理器，选择“存档应用程序”和“向iTunesConnect提交应用程序”。
有没有办法从命令行(作为构建脚本的一部分)使用“构建和存档”?我假设xcodebuild会以某种方式涉及到，但手册页似乎没有说任何关于这方面的内容。
Michael Grinich要求澄清;以下是你不能用命令行构建的功能，这些功能你只能在“构建和存档”之后用Xcode的管理器实现。
You can click "Share Application..." to share your IPA with beta testers. As Guillaume points out below, due to some Xcode magic, this IPA file does not require a separately distributed .mobileprovision file that beta testers need to install; that's magical. No command-line script can do it. For example, Arrix's script (submitted May 1) does not meet that requirement.
More importantly, after you've beta tested a build, you can click "Submit Application to iTunes Connect" to submit that EXACT same build to Apple, the very binary you tested, without rebuilding it. That's impossible from the command line, because signing the app is part of the build process; you can sign bits for Ad Hoc beta testing OR you can sign them for submission to the App Store, but not both. No IPA built on the command-line can be beta tested on phones and then submitted directly to Apple.
我希望有人能来证明我是错的:这两个功能在Xcode GUI中都很好用，不能从命令行复制。
Xcode 8:
音标格式:
xcodebuild -exportArchive -exportFormat IPA -archivePath MyMobileApp.xcarchive -exportPath MyMobileApp.ipa -exportProvisioningProfile 'MyMobileApp Distribution Profile'
导出存档MyMobileApp。xcarchive作为一个IPA文件到路径MyMobileApp。Ipa使用
配置文件MyMobileApp分发配置文件。
应用格式:
xcodebuild -exportArchive -exportFormat APP -archivePath MyMacApp.xcarchive -exportPath MyMacApp.pkg -exportSigningIdentity 'Developer ID Application: My Team'
导出存档MyMacApp。xcarchive作为PKG文件保存到MyMacApp路径下。PKG使用的应用程序
阳离子签名身份开发人员ID应用:我的团队。安装程序签名标识
开发人员ID安装程序:My Team隐式用于对导出的包进行签名。
Xcodebuild手册页
我们使用XCode 4.2.1开发了一款iPad应用，并希望将其整合到我们的持续集成(Jenkins)中，以便OTA发行。下面是我想到的解决方案:
# Unlock keychain
security unlock-keychain -p jenkins /Users/jenkins/Library/Keychains/login.keychain
# Build and sign app
xcodebuild -configuration Distribution clean build
# Set variables
APP_PATH="$PWD/build/Distribution-iphoneos/iPadApp.app"
VERSION=`defaults read $APP_PATH/Info CFBundleShortVersionString`
REVISION=`defaults read $APP_PATH/Info CFBundleVersion`
DATE=`date +"%Y%m%d-%H%M%S"`
ITUNES_LINK="<a href=\"itms-services:\/\/?action=download-manifest\&url=https:\/\/xxx.xxx.xxx\/iPadApp-$VERSION.$REVISION-$DATE.plist\">Download iPad2-App v$VERSION.$REVISION-$DATE<\/a>"
# Package and verify app
xcrun -sdk iphoneos PackageApplication -v build/Distribution-iphoneos/iPadApp.app -o $PWD/iPadApp-$VERSION.$REVISION-$DATE.ipa
# Create plist
cat iPadApp.plist.template | sed -e "s/\${VERSION}/$VERSION/" -e "s/\${DATE}/$DATE/" -e "s/\${REVISION}/$REVISION/" > iPadApp-$VERSION.$REVISION-$DATE.plist
# Update index.html
curl https://xxx.xxx.xxx/index.html -o index.html.$DATE
cat index.html.$DATE | sed -n '1h;1!H;${;g;s/\(<h3>Aktuelle Version<\/h3>\)\(.*\)\(<h3>Ältere Versionen<\/h3>.<ul>.<li>\)/\1\
${ITUNES_LINK}\
\3\2<\/li>\
<li>/g;p;}' | sed -e "s/\${ITUNES_LINK}/$ITUNES_LINK/" > index.html
然后Jenkins将ipa、plist和html文件上传到我们的web服务器。
这是plist模板:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>items</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>assets</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>kind</key>
<string>software-package</string>
<key>url</key>
<string>https://xxx.xxx.xxx/iPadApp-${VERSION}.${REVISION}-${DATE}.ipa</string>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>kind</key>
<string>full-size-image</string>
<key>needs-shine</key>
<true/>
<key>url</key>
<string>https://xxx.xxx.xxx/iPadApp.png</string>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>kind</key>
<string>display-image</string>
<key>needs-shine</key>
<true/>
<key>url</key>
<string>https://xxx.xxx.xxx/iPadApp_sm.png</string>
</dict>
</array>
<key>metadata</key>
<dict>
<key>bundle-identifier</key>
<string>xxx.xxx.xxx.iPadApp</string>
<key>bundle-version</key>
<string>${VERSION}</string>
<key>kind</key>
<string>software</string>
<key>subtitle</key>
<string>iPad2-App</string>
<key>title</key>
<string>iPadApp</string>
</dict>
</dict>
</array>
</dict>
</plist>
要设置此设置，必须将分发证书和配置配置文件导入到指定用户的keychain中。
用Xcode 9和Swift更新我的答案
存档
xcodebuild -workspace <ProjectName>/<ProjectName>.xcworkspace \
-scheme <schemeName> clean archive -configuration release \
-sdk iphoneos -archivePath <ProjectName>.xcarchive
IPA输出(请注意输出选项plist)
xcodebuild -exportArchive -archivePath <ProjectName>.xcarchive \
-exportOptionsPlist <ProjectName>/exportOptions.plist \
-exportPath <ProjectName>.ipa
对于那些不了解exportOptions.plist的人，
https://blog.bitrise.io/post/new-export-options-plist-in-xcode-9
那些在CI/CD工具(如teamcity/jenkins)中使用此工具构建项目的人，请确保您在构建代理中安装了正确的Xcode用于存档和导出。
您可以使用以下两个选项中的任何一个。
使用xcodebuild的完整路径，
/Applications/Xcode 9.3.1.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/xcodebuild
使用xcode-select,
xcode-select -switch /Applications/Xcode 9.3.1.app
以下是我以前的回答
下面是创建存档和IPA示例的命令行脚本。
我有一个iPhone xcode项目，位于Desktop/MyiOSApp文件夹。
依次执行以下命令:
cd /Users/username/Desktop/MyiOSApp/
xcodebuild -scheme MyiOSApp archive \
-archivePath /Users/username/Desktop/MyiOSApp.xcarchive
xcodebuild -exportArchive -exportFormat ipa \
-archivePath "/Users/username/Desktop/MyiOSApp.xcarchive" \
-exportPath "/Users/username/Desktop/MyiOSApp.ipa" \
-exportProvisioningProfile "MyCompany Distribution Profile"
这是用Xcode 5测试的，对我来说工作很好。
我已经给出了一个简单的步骤描述，并在使用下面的终端生成ipa时传递参数:
Go to the folder which contains the MyApp.xcodeproject file in terminal
By using the command given below you will get all the Targets of the application
/usr/bin/xcodebuild -list
After the above command is executed, you will get a list of targets of which you should select a specific target you need to generate .ipa
/usr/bin/xcodebuild -target $TARGET -sdk iphoneos -configuration Release
The above command builds the project and creates a .app file.The path to locate the .app file is ./build/Release-iphoneos/MyApp.app
After Build gets succeeded then execute the following command to generate .ipa of the application using Developer Name and Provisioning Profile using the syntax below:
/usr/bin/xcrun -sdk iphoneos PackageApplication -v “${TARGET}.app” -o “${OUTDIR}/${TARGET}.ipa” –sign “${IDENTITY}” –embed “${PROVISONING_PROFILE}”
以上语法中每个参数的解释:
${TARGET}.app == Target path (ex :/Users/XXXXXX/desktop/Application/build/Release-iphoneos/MyApp.app)
${OUTDIR} == Select the output directory(Where you want to save .ipa file)
${IDENTITY} == iPhone Developer: XXXXXXX (XXXXXXXXXX)(which can be obtained from Keychain access)
${PROVISONING_PROFILE} == Path to the provisioning profile(/Users/XXXXXX/Library/MobileDevice/Provisioning Profiles/XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX.mobileprovision”)
ipa将生成在选定的输出目录"${OUTDIR}"
