在win和linux中为我工作的解决方案如下

// GET api/values
        [HttpGet("cifrado/{xml}")]
        public ActionResult<IEnumerable<string>> Cifrado(String xml)
        {
            String nombreXML = DateTime.Now.ToString("ddMMyyyyhhmmss").ToString();
            String archivo = "/app/files/"+nombreXML + ".XML";
            String comando = " --armor --recipient bibankingprd@bi.com.gt  --encrypt " + archivo;
            try{
                System.IO.File.WriteAllText(archivo, xml);                
                //String comando = "C:\\GnuPG\\bin\\gpg.exe --recipient licorera@local.com --armor --encrypt C:\\Users\\Administrador\\Documents\\pruebas\\nuevo.xml ";
                ProcessStartInfo startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo() {FileName = "/usr/bin/gpg",  Arguments = comando }; 
                Process proc = new Process() { StartInfo = startInfo, };
                proc.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
                proc.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
                proc.Start();
                proc.WaitForExit();
                Console.WriteLine(proc.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd());
                return new string[] { "Archivo encriptado", archivo + " - "+ comando};
            }catch (Exception exception){
                return new string[] { archivo, "exception: "+exception.ToString() + " - "+ comando };
            }
        }

在调用Process.StandardOutput.ReadLine和Process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd时，我遇到了臭名昭著的死锁问题。

我的目标/用例很简单。启动一个进程并重定向它的输出，这样我就可以捕获输出并通过. net Core的ILogger<T>将其记录到控制台，并将重定向的输出附加到文件日志中。

下面是我使用内置异步事件处理程序的解决方案。OutputDataReceived和Process.ErrorDataReceived。

var p = new Process
{
    StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo(
        command.FileName, command.Arguments
    )
    {
        RedirectStandardOutput = true,
        RedirectStandardError = true,
        UseShellExecute = false,
    }
};


// Asynchronously pushes StdOut and StdErr lines to a thread safe FIFO queue
var logQueue = new ConcurrentQueue<string>();
p.OutputDataReceived += (sender, args) => logQueue.Enqueue(args.Data);
p.ErrorDataReceived += (sender, args) => logQueue.Enqueue(args.Data);

// Start the process and begin streaming StdOut/StdErr
p.Start();
p.BeginOutputReadLine();
p.BeginErrorReadLine();

// Loop until the process has exited or the CancellationToken is triggered
do
{
    var lines = new List<string>();
    while (logQueue.TryDequeue(out var log))
    {
        lines.Add(log);
        _logger.LogInformation(log)
    }
    File.AppendAllLines(_logFilePath, lines);

    // Asynchronously sleep for some time
    try
    {
        Task.Delay(5000, stoppingToken).Wait(stoppingToken);
    }
    catch(OperationCanceledException) {}

} while (!p.HasExited && !stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested);

标准的。net方法是从Process的StandardOutput流中读取数据。在链接的MSDN文档中有一个例子。类似地，您可以从standardror读取，并写入StandardInput。

当你适当地创建Process对象集StartInfo时:

var proc = new Process 
{
    StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo
    {
        FileName = "program.exe",
        Arguments = "command line arguments to your executable",
        UseShellExecute = false,
        RedirectStandardOutput = true,
        CreateNoWindow = true
    }
};

然后开始这个过程并从中读取:

proc.Start();
while (!proc.StandardOutput.EndOfStream)
{
    string line = proc.StandardOutput.ReadLine();
    // do something with line
}

可以使用int.Parse()或int.TryParse()将字符串转换为数值。如果读取的字符串中有无效的数字字符，则可能必须先进行一些字符串操作。

好吧，对于任何想要读取错误和输出，但得到任何解决方案死锁的人，在其他答案中提供(像我)，这里是一个解决方案，我在阅读MSDN对StandardOutput属性的解释后构建的。

答案是基于T30的代码:

static void runCommand()
{
    //* Create your Process
    Process process = new Process();
    process.StartInfo.FileName = "cmd.exe";
    process.StartInfo.Arguments = "/c DIR";
    process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
    //* Set ONLY ONE handler here.
    process.ErrorDataReceived += new DataReceivedEventHandler(ErrorOutputHandler);
    //* Start process
    process.Start();
    //* Read one element asynchronously
    process.BeginErrorReadLine();
    //* Read the other one synchronously
    string output = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
    Console.WriteLine(output);
    process.WaitForExit();
}

static void ErrorOutputHandler(object sendingProcess, DataReceivedEventArgs outLine) 
{
    //* Do your stuff with the output (write to console/log/StringBuilder)
    Console.WriteLine(outLine.Data);
}

您可以同步或异步地处理输出。

1. 同步的例子

static void runCommand()
{
    Process process = new Process();
    process.StartInfo.FileName = "cmd.exe";
    process.StartInfo.Arguments = "/c DIR"; // Note the /c command (*)
    process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
    process.Start();
    //* Read the output (or the error)
    string output = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
    Console.WriteLine(output);
    string err = process.StandardError.ReadToEnd();
    Console.WriteLine(err);
    process.WaitForExit();
}

注意，最好同时处理输出和错误:它们必须分别处理。

(*)对于某些命令(这里是StartInfo.Arguments)，你必须添加/c指令，否则进程会在WaitForExit()中冻结。

2. 异步的例子

static void runCommand() 
{
    //* Create your Process
    Process process = new Process();
    process.StartInfo.FileName = "cmd.exe";
    process.StartInfo.Arguments = "/c DIR";
    process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
    //* Set your output and error (asynchronous) handlers
    process.OutputDataReceived += new DataReceivedEventHandler(OutputHandler);
    process.ErrorDataReceived += new DataReceivedEventHandler(OutputHandler);
    //* Start process and handlers
    process.Start();
    process.BeginOutputReadLine();
    process.BeginErrorReadLine();
    process.WaitForExit();
}

static void OutputHandler(object sendingProcess, DataReceivedEventArgs outLine) 
{
    //* Do your stuff with the output (write to console/log/StringBuilder)
    Console.WriteLine(outLine.Data);
}

如果你不需要对输出做复杂的操作，你可以绕过OutputHandler方法，只需直接内联添加处理程序:

//* Set your output and error (asynchronous) handlers
process.OutputDataReceived += (s, e) => Console.WriteLine(e.Data);
process.ErrorDataReceived += (s, e) => Console.WriteLine(e.Data);