大量数据库更新来抵消pk:做一个数据库副本代替。

特殊用例:A公司使用与b公司具有相同模式的数据库，因为他们已经合并，所以他们希望使用单个数据库。因此，来自公司B数据库的许多表的主键必须偏移，以避免与公司A的记录发生冲突。

一种解决方案是将外键定义为ON UPDATE CASCADE，并抵消带有外键的主键。但是如果你这样做的话会有很多障碍(味精1785，味精8102，…)。

因此，我想到的一个更好的主意是简单地复制数据库，DROP和re CREATE必须有其PKs|FKs偏移量的表，并复制数据(在这样做的同时，偏移主键和外键)。

避免所有的麻烦。

这是数据库触发策略类型的错误。触发器是代码，可以向级联关系(如级联删除)添加一些智能或条件。你可能需要专门化相关的表选项，比如关闭CascadeOnDelete:

protected override void OnModelCreating( DbModelBuilder modelBuilder )
{
    modelBuilder.Entity<TableName>().HasMany(i => i.Member).WithRequired().WillCascadeOnDelete(false);
}

或者完全关闭此功能:

modelBuilder.Conventions.Remove<OneToManyCascadeDeleteConvention>();

这是因为员工可能收集其他实体的资格和资格可能有一些其他收集大学 如。

public class Employee{
public virtual ICollection<Qualification> Qualifications {get;set;}

}

public class Qualification{

public Employee Employee {get;set;}

public virtual ICollection<University> Universities {get;set;}

}

public class University{

public Qualification Qualification {get;set;}

}

在DataContext上，它可能如下所示

protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder){

modelBuilder.Entity<Qualification>().HasRequired(x=> x.Employee).WithMany(e => e.Qualifications);
modelBuilder.Entity<University>.HasRequired(x => x.Qualification).WithMany(e => e.Universities);

}

在这种情况下，存在从员工到资格，从资格到大学的链条。所以它向我抛出了相同的异常。

我变了之后，这招很管用

    modelBuilder.Entity<Qualification>().**HasRequired**(x=> x.Employee).WithMany(e => e.Qualifications); 

To

    modelBuilder.Entity<Qualification>().**HasOptional**(x=> x.Employee).WithMany(e => e.Qualifications);

一些数据库，尤其是SQL Server，对形成循环的级联行为有限制。 有两种方法可以处理这种情况: 1.将一个或多个关系更改为不级联删除。 2.配置数据库时不要使用一个或多个级联删除，然后确保加载所有相关实体，以便EF Core可以执行级联行为。 请参阅此连结: 数据库级联限制

多个套管路径的典型情况如下: 一个有两个细节的主表，我们说“master”和“Detail1”和“Detail2”。这两个细节都是级联删除。到目前为止还没有问题。但是，如果两个细节都与其他表(比如“SomeOtherTable”)有一对多的关系呢?SomeOtherTable有一个Detail1ID-column和一个Detail2ID-column。

Master { ID, masterfields }

Detail1 { ID, MasterID, detail1fields }

Detail2 { ID, MasterID, detail2fields }

SomeOtherTable {ID, Detail1ID, Detail2ID, someothertablefields }

In other words: some of the records in SomeOtherTable are linked with Detail1-records and some of the records in SomeOtherTable are linked with Detail2 records. Even if it is guaranteed that SomeOtherTable-records never belong to both Details, it is now impossible to make SomeOhterTable's records cascade delete for both details, because there are multiple cascading paths from Master to SomeOtherTable (one via Detail1 and one via Detail2). Now you may already have understood this. Here is a possible solution:

Master { ID, masterfields }

DetailMain { ID, MasterID }

Detail1 { DetailMainID, detail1fields }

Detail2 { DetailMainID, detail2fields }

SomeOtherTable {ID, DetailMainID, someothertablefields }

所有ID字段都是键字段和自动递增字段。问题的关键在于Detail表的DetailMainId字段。这些字段既是关键约束，又是参考约束。现在可以通过只删除主记录来级联删除所有内容。缺点是，对于每个detail1记录和每个detail2记录，还必须有一个detailmain记录(实际上是首先创建该记录以获得正确和唯一的id)。

Trigger是这个问题的解决方案:

IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.fktest2', 'U') IS NOT NULL
    drop table fktest2
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.fktest1', 'U') IS NOT NULL
    drop table fktest1
IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects WHERE name = 'fkTest1Trigger' AND type = 'TR')
    DROP TRIGGER dbo.fkTest1Trigger
go
create table fktest1 (id int primary key, anQId int identity)
go  
    create table fktest2 (id1 int, id2 int, anQId int identity,
        FOREIGN KEY (id1) REFERENCES fktest1 (id)
            ON DELETE CASCADE
            ON UPDATE CASCADE/*,    
        FOREIGN KEY (id2) REFERENCES fktest1 (id) this causes compile error so we have to use triggers
            ON DELETE CASCADE
            ON UPDATE CASCADE*/ 
            )
go

CREATE TRIGGER fkTest1Trigger
ON fkTest1
AFTER INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
AS
    if @@ROWCOUNT = 0
        return
    set nocount on

    -- This code is replacement for foreign key cascade (auto update of field in destination table when its referenced primary key in source table changes.
    -- Compiler complains only when you use multiple cascased. It throws this compile error:
    -- Rrigger Introducing FOREIGN KEY constraint on table may cause cycles or multiple cascade paths. Specify ON DELETE NO ACTION or ON UPDATE NO ACTION, 
    -- or modify other FOREIGN KEY constraints.
    IF ((UPDATE (id) and exists(select 1 from fktest1 A join deleted B on B.anqid = A.anqid where B.id <> A.id)))
    begin       
        update fktest2 set id2 = i.id
            from deleted d
            join fktest2 on d.id = fktest2.id2
            join inserted i on i.anqid = d.anqid        
    end         
    if exists (select 1 from deleted)       
        DELETE one FROM fktest2 one LEFT JOIN fktest1 two ON two.id = one.id2 where two.id is null -- drop all from dest table which are not in source table
GO

insert into fktest1 (id) values (1)
insert into fktest1 (id) values (2)
insert into fktest1 (id) values (3)

insert into fktest2 (id1, id2) values (1,1)
insert into fktest2 (id1, id2) values (2,2)
insert into fktest2 (id1, id2) values (1,3)

select * from fktest1
select * from fktest2

update fktest1 set id=11 where id=1
update fktest1 set id=22 where id=2
update fktest1 set id=33 where id=3
delete from fktest1 where id > 22

select * from fktest1
select * from fktest2