2020年更新

这现在是可能的:

在Android 11上，你可以这样做

view.setWindowInsetsAnimationCallback(object : WindowInsetsAnimation.Callback {
    override fun onEnd(animation: WindowInsetsAnimation) {
        super.onEnd(animation)
        val showingKeyboard = view.rootWindowInsets.isVisible(WindowInsets.Type.ime())
        // now use the boolean for something
    }
})

你也可以听显示/隐藏键盘的动画，并做相应的转换。

我建议阅读Android 11预览版和相应的文档

Android 11之前

但是，这项工作还没有Compat版本，所以您需要求助于黑客。

你可以得到窗口的insets，如果底部的insets大于一些值，你认为是合理的(通过实验)，你可以认为这是显示键盘。这不是很好，在某些情况下可能会失败，但没有框架支持这一点。

这是对这个确切问题的一个很好的回答https://stackoverflow.com/a/36259261/372076。或者，这里有一个页面给出了一些不同的方法来实现这个在Android 11之前:

https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.noversion.service_sdk_android.meta/service_sdk_android/android_detecting_keyboard.htm

Note

此解决方案不适用于软键盘和 onConfigurationChanged将不会被soft (virtual)调用 键盘。

您必须自己处理配置更改。

http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/resources/runtime-changes.html#HandlingTheChange

示例:

// from the link above
@Override
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
    super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);

    
    // Checks whether a hardware keyboard is available
    if (newConfig.hardKeyboardHidden == Configuration.HARDKEYBOARDHIDDEN_NO) {
        Toast.makeText(this, "keyboard visible", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    } else if (newConfig.hardKeyboardHidden == Configuration.HARDKEYBOARDHIDDEN_YES) {
        Toast.makeText(this, "keyboard hidden", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

然后只需更改一些视图的可见性，更新字段，并更改布局文件。

使用viewTreeObserver轻松获取键盘事件。

layout_parent.viewTreeObserver.addOnGlobalLayoutListener {
            val r = Rect()
            layout_parent.getWindowVisibleDisplayFrame(r)
            if (layout_parent.rootView.height - (r.bottom - r.top) > 100) { // if more than 100 pixels, its probably a keyboard...
                Log.e("TAG:", "keyboard open")
            } else {
                Log.e("TAG:", "keyboard close")
            }
        }

** layout_parent是你的视图，比如edit_text.parent

以上@Filipkowicz的答案在Android API < 30的情况下很好。由于Android API 30，我们应该使用setWindowInsetsAnimationCallback。所以下面的答案结合了这两种方法，以工作API 21 - 30。

private fun isKeyboardVisible(insets: WindowInsets): Boolean {
    val insetsCompat = WindowInsetsCompat.toWindowInsetsCompat(insets)
    val systemWindow = insetsCompat.systemWindowInsets
    val rootStable = insetsCompat.stableInsets
    if (systemWindow.bottom > rootStable.bottom) {
        // This handles the adjustResize case on < API 30, since
        // systemWindow.bottom is probably going to be the IME
        return true
    }
    return false
}

@JvmStatic
@BindingAdapter("goneWhenKeyboardVisible")
fun View.goneWhenKeyboardVisible() {
    if (isRPlus()) {
        setWindowInsetsAnimationCallback(object :
            WindowInsetsAnimation.Callback(DISPATCH_MODE_STOP) {
            override fun onProgress(
                insets: WindowInsets,
                runningAnimations: MutableList<WindowInsetsAnimation>
            ): WindowInsets {
                return insets
            }

            override fun onStart(
                animation: WindowInsetsAnimation,
                bounds: WindowInsetsAnimation.Bounds
            ): WindowInsetsAnimation.Bounds {
                if (isVisible)
                    isVisible = !rootWindowInsets.isVisible(WindowInsets.Type.ime())
                return super.onStart(animation, bounds)
            }

            override fun onEnd(animation: WindowInsetsAnimation) {
                super.onEnd(animation)
                if (!isVisible)
                    isVisible = !rootWindowInsets.isVisible(WindowInsets.Type.ime())
            }
        })
    } else {
        setOnApplyWindowInsetsListener { _, insets ->
            isVisible = !isKeyboardVisible(insets)
            insets
        }
    }
}

我已经解决了单行文本视图回编码的问题。

package com.helpingdoc;

import android.content.Context;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;

public class MainSearchLayout extends LinearLayout {
    int hieght = 0;
    public MainSearchLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attributeSet) {

        super(context, attributeSet);
        LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        inflater.inflate(R.layout.main, this);


    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        Log.d("Search Layout", "Handling Keyboard Window shown");
       if(getHeight()>hieght){
           hieght = getHeight();
       }
        final int proposedheight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
        final int actualHeight = getHeight();
        System.out.println("....hieght = "+ hieght);
        System.out.println("....actualhieght = "+ actualHeight);
        System.out.println("....proposedheight = "+ proposedheight);
        if (actualHeight > proposedheight){
            // Keyboard is shown


        } else if(actualHeight<proposedheight){
            // Keyboard is hidden

        }

        if(proposedheight == hieght){
             // Keyboard is hidden
        }
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
    }
}

隐藏|显示事件键盘可以通过简单的hack在OnGlobalLayoutListener监听:

 final View activityRootView = findViewById(R.id.top_root);
        activityRootView.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new OnGlobalLayoutListener() {
            public void onGlobalLayout() {
                int heightDiff = activityRootView.getRootView().getHeight() - activityRootView.getHeight();

                if (heightDiff > 100) {
                    // keyboard is up
                } else {
                    // keyboard is down
                }
            }
        });

这里activityRootView是Activity的根视图。

Nebojsa Tomcic的回答对我没有帮助。我有RelativeLayout与TextView和AutoCompleteTextView里面。我需要滚动TextView到底部时，键盘显示，当它被隐藏。为了实现这一点，我重写了onLayout方法，它对我来说很好。

public class ExtendedLayout extends RelativeLayout
{
    public ExtendedLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attributeSet)
    {
        super(context, attributeSet);
        LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater)
                context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        inflater.inflate(R.layout.main, this);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b)
    {
        super.onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);

        if (changed)
        {
            int scrollEnd = (textView.getLineCount() - textView.getHeight() /
                textView.getLineHeight()) * textView.getLineHeight();
            textView.scrollTo(0, scrollEnd);
        }
    }
}