我试图使用正则表达式来提取模式内的单词。
我有一些像这样的弦
someline abc
someother line
name my_user_name is valid
some more lines
我想提取单词my_user_name。我这样做
import re
s = #that big string
p = re.compile("name .* is valid", re.flags)
p.match(s) # this gives me <_sre.SRE_Match object at 0x026B6838>
我现在如何提取my_user_name ?
当前回答
您需要从正则表达式中捕获。搜索模式，如果找到，使用group(index)检索字符串。假设执行了有效的检查:
>>> p = re.compile("name (.*) is valid")
>>> result = p.search(s)
>>> result
<_sre.SRE_Match object at 0x10555e738>
>>> result.group(1) # group(1) will return the 1st capture (stuff within the brackets).
# group(0) will returned the entire matched text.
'my_user_name'
其他回答
也许这更简短，更容易理解:
import re
text = '... someline abc... someother line... name my_user_name is valid.. some more lines'
>>> re.search('name (.*) is valid', text).group(1)
'my_user_name'
你可以使用这样的代码:
import re
s = #that big string
# the parenthesis create a group with what was matched
# and '\w' matches only alphanumeric charactes
p = re.compile("name +(\w+) +is valid", re.flags)
# use search(), so the match doesn't have to happen
# at the beginning of "big string"
m = p.search(s)
# search() returns a Match object with information about what was matched
if m:
name = m.group(1)
else:
raise Exception('name not found')
这里有一种不使用组的方法(Python 3.6或以上):
>>> re.search('2\d\d\d[01]\d[0-3]\d', 'report_20191207.xml')[0]
'20191207'
您需要一个捕获组。
p = re.compile("name (.*) is valid", re.flags) # parentheses for capture groups
print p.match(s).groups() # This gives you a tuple of your matches.
您需要从正则表达式中捕获。搜索模式，如果找到，使用group(index)检索字符串。假设执行了有效的检查:
>>> p = re.compile("name (.*) is valid")
>>> result = p.search(s)
>>> result
<_sre.SRE_Match object at 0x10555e738>
>>> result.group(1) # group(1) will return the 1st capture (stuff within the brackets).
# group(0) will returned the entire matched text.
'my_user_name'
