我有一个简单的Node.js程序在我的机器上运行,我想获得我的程序正在运行的PC的本地IP地址。我如何在Node.js中获得它?
当前回答
调用ifconfig是非常依赖于平台的,而且网络层知道套接字所在的IP地址,所以最好是询问它。
Node.js并没有公开这样做的直接方法,但是你可以打开任何套接字,并询问正在使用的本地IP地址。例如,打开www.google.com的套接字:
var net = require('net');
function getNetworkIP(callback) {
var socket = net.createConnection(80, 'www.google.com');
socket.on('connect', function() {
callback(undefined, socket.address().address);
socket.end();
});
socket.on('error', function(e) {
callback(e, 'error');
});
}
使用情况:
getNetworkIP(function (error, ip) {
console.log(ip);
if (error) {
console.log('error:', error);
}
});
其他回答
下面是一段Node.js代码,它将解析ifconfig的输出并(异步地)返回找到的第一个IP地址:
(它只在Mac OS X v10.6 (Snow Leopard)上测试;我希望它也能在Linux上运行。)
var getNetworkIP = (function () {
var ignoreRE = /^(127\.0\.0\.1|::1|fe80(:1)?::1(%.*)?)$/i;
var exec = require('child_process').exec;
var cached;
var command;
var filterRE;
switch (process.platform) {
// TODO: implement for OSes without the ifconfig command
case 'darwin':
command = 'ifconfig';
filterRE = /\binet\s+([^\s]+)/g;
// filterRE = /\binet6\s+([^\s]+)/g; // IPv6
break;
default:
command = 'ifconfig';
filterRE = /\binet\b[^:]+:\s*([^\s]+)/g;
// filterRE = /\binet6[^:]+:\s*([^\s]+)/g; // IPv6
break;
}
return function (callback, bypassCache) {
// Get cached value
if (cached && !bypassCache) {
callback(null, cached);
return;
}
// System call
exec(command, function (error, stdout, sterr) {
var ips = [];
// Extract IP addresses
var matches = stdout.match(filterRE);
// JavaScript doesn't have any lookbehind regular expressions, so we need a trick
for (var i = 0; i < matches.length; i++) {
ips.push(matches[i].replace(filterRE, '$1'));
}
// Filter BS
for (var i = 0, l = ips.length; i < l; i++) {
if (!ignoreRE.test(ips[i])) {
//if (!error) {
cached = ips[i];
//}
callback(error, ips[i]);
return;
}
}
// Nothing found
callback(error, null);
});
};
})();
使用的例子:
getNetworkIP(function (error, ip) {
console.log(ip);
if (error) {
console.log('error:', error);
}
}, false);
如果第二个参数为true,函数将每次执行一次系统调用;否则使用缓存的值。
更新版本
返回所有本地网络地址的数组。
在Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal)和Windows XP 32上测试
var getNetworkIPs = (function () {
var ignoreRE = /^(127\.0\.0\.1|::1|fe80(:1)?::1(%.*)?)$/i;
var exec = require('child_process').exec;
var cached;
var command;
var filterRE;
switch (process.platform) {
case 'win32':
//case 'win64': // TODO: test
command = 'ipconfig';
filterRE = /\bIPv[46][^:\r\n]+:\s*([^\s]+)/g;
break;
case 'darwin':
command = 'ifconfig';
filterRE = /\binet\s+([^\s]+)/g;
// filterRE = /\binet6\s+([^\s]+)/g; // IPv6
break;
default:
command = 'ifconfig';
filterRE = /\binet\b[^:]+:\s*([^\s]+)/g;
// filterRE = /\binet6[^:]+:\s*([^\s]+)/g; // IPv6
break;
}
return function (callback, bypassCache) {
if (cached && !bypassCache) {
callback(null, cached);
return;
}
// System call
exec(command, function (error, stdout, sterr) {
cached = [];
var ip;
var matches = stdout.match(filterRE) || [];
//if (!error) {
for (var i = 0; i < matches.length; i++) {
ip = matches[i].replace(filterRE, '$1')
if (!ignoreRE.test(ip)) {
cached.push(ip);
}
}
//}
callback(error, cached);
});
};
})();
使用举例:升级版本
getNetworkIPs(function (error, ip) {
console.log(ip);
if (error) {
console.log('error:', error);
}
}, false);
下面是前面例子的一个变种。它会小心过滤掉VMware接口等。如果你不传递索引,它会返回所有地址。否则,您可能希望将其默认值设置为0,然后传递null以获取所有值,但您将整理这些。如果想要添加的话,还可以为regex过滤器传入另一个参数。
function getAddress(idx) {
var addresses = [],
interfaces = os.networkInterfaces(),
name, ifaces, iface;
for (name in interfaces) {
if(interfaces.hasOwnProperty(name)){
ifaces = interfaces[name];
if(!/(loopback|vmware|internal)/gi.test(name)){
for (var i = 0; i < ifaces.length; i++) {
iface = ifaces[i];
if (iface.family === 'IPv4' && !iface.internal && iface.address !== '127.0.0.1') {
addresses.push(iface.address);
}
}
}
}
}
// If an index is passed only return it.
if(idx >= 0)
return addresses[idx];
return addresses;
}
在我看来,这里的一些答案似乎不必要地过于复杂。 这里有一个更好的方法,使用普通的Nodejs。
import os from "os";
const machine = os.networkInterfaces()["Ethernet"].map(item => item.family==="IPv4")
console.log(machine.address) //gives 192.168.x.x or whatever your local address is
参见文档:NodeJS - os模块:networkInterfaces
这些信息可以在os.networkInterfaces()中找到,这是一个对象,它将网络接口名称映射到它的属性(例如,一个接口可以有几个地址):
'use strict';
const { networkInterfaces } = require('os');
const nets = networkInterfaces();
const results = Object.create(null); // Or just '{}', an empty object
for (const name of Object.keys(nets)) {
for (const net of nets[name]) {
// Skip over non-IPv4 and internal (i.e. 127.0.0.1) addresses
// 'IPv4' is in Node <= 17, from 18 it's a number 4 or 6
const familyV4Value = typeof net.family === 'string' ? 'IPv4' : 4
if (net.family === familyV4Value && !net.internal) {
if (!results[name]) {
results[name] = [];
}
results[name].push(net.address);
}
}
}
// 'results'
{
"en0": [
"192.168.1.101"
],
"eth0": [
"10.0.0.101"
],
"<network name>": [
"<ip>",
"<ip alias>",
"<ip alias>",
...
]
}
// results["en0"][0]
"192.168.1.101"
这是我的变体,允许以可移植的方式获得IPv4和IPv6地址:
/**
* Collects information about the local IPv4/IPv6 addresses of
* every network interface on the local computer.
* Returns an object with the network interface name as the first-level key and
* "IPv4" or "IPv6" as the second-level key.
* For example you can use getLocalIPs().eth0.IPv6 to get the IPv6 address
* (as string) of eth0
*/
getLocalIPs = function () {
var addrInfo, ifaceDetails, _len;
var localIPInfo = {};
//Get the network interfaces
var networkInterfaces = require('os').networkInterfaces();
//Iterate over the network interfaces
for (var ifaceName in networkInterfaces) {
ifaceDetails = networkInterfaces[ifaceName];
//Iterate over all interface details
for (var _i = 0, _len = ifaceDetails.length; _i < _len; _i++) {
addrInfo = ifaceDetails[_i];
if (addrInfo.family === 'IPv4') {
//Extract the IPv4 address
if (!localIPInfo[ifaceName]) {
localIPInfo[ifaceName] = {};
}
localIPInfo[ifaceName].IPv4 = addrInfo.address;
} else if (addrInfo.family === 'IPv6') {
//Extract the IPv6 address
if (!localIPInfo[ifaceName]) {
localIPInfo[ifaceName] = {};
}
localIPInfo[ifaceName].IPv6 = addrInfo.address;
}
}
}
return localIPInfo;
};
下面是同一个函数的CoffeeScript版本:
getLocalIPs = () =>
###
Collects information about the local IPv4/IPv6 addresses of
every network interface on the local computer.
Returns an object with the network interface name as the first-level key and
"IPv4" or "IPv6" as the second-level key.
For example you can use getLocalIPs().eth0.IPv6 to get the IPv6 address
(as string) of eth0
###
networkInterfaces = require('os').networkInterfaces();
localIPInfo = {}
for ifaceName, ifaceDetails of networkInterfaces
for addrInfo in ifaceDetails
if addrInfo.family=='IPv4'
if !localIPInfo[ifaceName]
localIPInfo[ifaceName] = {}
localIPInfo[ifaceName].IPv4 = addrInfo.address
else if addrInfo.family=='IPv6'
if !localIPInfo[ifaceName]
localIPInfo[ifaceName] = {}
localIPInfo[ifaceName].IPv6 = addrInfo.address
return localIPInfo
console.log(getLocalIPs())的示例输出
{ lo: { IPv4: '127.0.0.1', IPv6: '::1' },
wlan0: { IPv4: '192.168.178.21', IPv6: 'fe80::aa1a:2eee:feba:1c39' },
tap0: { IPv4: '10.1.1.7', IPv6: 'fe80::ddf1:a9a1:1242:bc9b' } }
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