我在格式化日期时间时遇到了麻烦。timedelta对象。

这就是我想做的: 我有一个对象列表,对象类的成员之一是显示事件持续时间的timedelta对象。我想以小时:分钟的格式显示这个持续时间。

我尝试了各种方法来做这件事,但我有困难。我目前的方法是为返回小时和分钟的对象在类中添加方法。我可以通过除以time得到小时数。秒乘以3600,四舍五入。我在得到剩余的秒并将其转换为分钟时遇到了麻烦。

顺便说一下,我使用谷歌AppEngine和Django模板来表示。


当前回答

提问者想要一个比典型的更好的格式:

  >>> import datetime
  >>> datetime.timedelta(seconds=41000)
  datetime.timedelta(0, 41000)
  >>> str(datetime.timedelta(seconds=41000))
  '11:23:20'
  >>> str(datetime.timedelta(seconds=4102.33))
  '1:08:22.330000'
  >>> str(datetime.timedelta(seconds=413302.33))
  '4 days, 18:48:22.330000'

所以,实际上有两种格式,一种是天数为0,它被省略了,另一种是文本“n天,h:m:s”。但是,秒可能有分数,打印输出中没有前导0,所以列很乱。

如果你喜欢,下面是我的日常工作:

def printNiceTimeDelta(stime, etime):
    delay = datetime.timedelta(seconds=(etime - stime))
    if (delay.days > 0):
        out = str(delay).replace(" days, ", ":")
    else:
        out = "0:" + str(delay)
    outAr = out.split(':')
    outAr = ["%02d" % (int(float(x))) for x in outAr]
    out   = ":".join(outAr)
    return out

返回dd:hh:mm:ss格式的输出:

00:00:00:15
00:00:00:19
02:01:31:40
02:01:32:22

我确实想过在上面加上年份,但这是留给读者的练习,因为超过1年的输出是安全的:

>>> str(datetime.timedelta(seconds=99999999))
'1157 days, 9:46:39'

其他回答

如果你已经有一个timedelta obj,那么只需将obj转换为字符串。删除字符串的最后3个字符并打印。这将截断秒部分,并以小时:分钟的格式打印其余部分。

t = str(timedeltaobj) 

print t[:-3]

您可以使用str()将timedelta转换为字符串。这里有一个例子:

import datetime
start = datetime.datetime(2009,2,10,14,00)
end   = datetime.datetime(2009,2,10,16,00)
delta = end-start
print(str(delta))
# prints 2:00:00

提问者想要一个比典型的更好的格式:

  >>> import datetime
  >>> datetime.timedelta(seconds=41000)
  datetime.timedelta(0, 41000)
  >>> str(datetime.timedelta(seconds=41000))
  '11:23:20'
  >>> str(datetime.timedelta(seconds=4102.33))
  '1:08:22.330000'
  >>> str(datetime.timedelta(seconds=413302.33))
  '4 days, 18:48:22.330000'

所以,实际上有两种格式,一种是天数为0,它被省略了,另一种是文本“n天,h:m:s”。但是,秒可能有分数,打印输出中没有前导0,所以列很乱。

如果你喜欢,下面是我的日常工作:

def printNiceTimeDelta(stime, etime):
    delay = datetime.timedelta(seconds=(etime - stime))
    if (delay.days > 0):
        out = str(delay).replace(" days, ", ":")
    else:
        out = "0:" + str(delay)
    outAr = out.split(':')
    outAr = ["%02d" % (int(float(x))) for x in outAr]
    out   = ":".join(outAr)
    return out

返回dd:hh:mm:ss格式的输出:

00:00:00:15
00:00:00:19
02:01:31:40
02:01:32:22

我确实想过在上面加上年份,但这是留给读者的练习,因为超过1年的输出是安全的:

>>> str(datetime.timedelta(seconds=99999999))
'1157 days, 9:46:39'

Timedelta到字符串,用于打印运行时间信息。

def strfdelta_round(tdelta, round_period='second'):
  """timedelta to string,  use for measure running time
  attend period from days downto smaller period, round to minimum period
  omit zero value period  
  """
  period_names = ('day', 'hour', 'minute', 'second', 'millisecond')
  if round_period not in period_names:
    raise Exception(f'round_period "{round_period}" invalid, should be one of {",".join(period_names)}')
  period_seconds = (86400, 3600, 60, 1, 1/pow(10,3))
  period_desc = ('days', 'hours', 'mins', 'secs', 'msecs')
  round_i = period_names.index(round_period)
  
  s = ''
  remainder = tdelta.total_seconds()
  for i in range(len(period_names)):
    q, remainder = divmod(remainder, period_seconds[i])
    if int(q)>0:
      if not len(s)==0:
        s += ' '
      s += f'{q:.0f} {period_desc[i]}'
    if i==round_i:
      break
    if i==round_i+1:
      s += f'{remainder} {period_desc[round_i]}'
      break
    
  return s

例如,自动省略零前导周期:

>>> td = timedelta(days=0, hours=2, minutes=5, seconds=8, microseconds=3549)
>>> strfdelta_round(td, 'second')
'2 hours 5 mins 8 secs'

或者省略中间的零周期:

>>> td = timedelta(days=2, hours=0, minutes=5, seconds=8, microseconds=3549)
>>> strfdelta_round(td, 'millisecond')
'2 days 5 mins 8 secs 3 msecs'

或舍入至分钟,省略以下分钟:

>>> td = timedelta(days=1, hours=2, minutes=5, seconds=8, microseconds=3549)
>>> strfdelta_round(td, 'minute')
'1 days 2 hours 5 mins'
from django.utils.translation import ngettext

def localize_timedelta(delta):
    ret = []
    num_years = int(delta.days / 365)
    if num_years > 0:
        delta -= timedelta(days=num_years * 365)
        ret.append(ngettext('%d year', '%d years', num_years) % num_years)

    if delta.days > 0:
        ret.append(ngettext('%d day', '%d days', delta.days) % delta.days)

    num_hours = int(delta.seconds / 3600)
    if num_hours > 0:
        delta -= timedelta(hours=num_hours)
        ret.append(ngettext('%d hour', '%d hours', num_hours) % num_hours)

    num_minutes = int(delta.seconds / 60)
    if num_minutes > 0:
        ret.append(ngettext('%d minute', '%d minutes', num_minutes) % num_minutes)

    return ' '.join(ret)

这将产生:

>>> from datetime import timedelta
>>> localize_timedelta(timedelta(days=3660, minutes=500))
'10 years 10 days 8 hours 20 minutes'