几乎99%的情况下，Android应用程序不需要接管自己的生命周期。大多数情况下，这归结于更好的计划或更聪明的应用程序设计。例如，构建一个内部服务(不导出)来处理下载等，或者围绕用户工作流设计动作和任务。

但话虽如此，有志者事竟成。Android通过Android .os. process类提供了一个比Java更好的API来控制底层进程。与Java不同的是，它不会把开发人员当成傻瓜，把所有问题都隐藏在一个简单的Java .lang. system .exit()调用之后。

那么如何让你的应用在Android中自杀呢?诀窍很简单:

通过继承标准Android .app. application类来创建自己的Android应用程序类(记得在AndroidManifest.xml文件中声明它)。

重写onCreate()方法，并存储启动应用程序的进程ID:

this.pid = android.os.Process.myPid(); // Save for later use.

现在要杀死你的应用程序，提供一个kill()方法:

android.os.Process.sendSignal(pid, android.os.Process.SIGNAL_KILL);

现在，无论何时你需要你的应用自杀，只要输入转换应用上下文，并调用你的kill方法!

((MySuicidalApp) context.getApplicationContext()).kill()

请记住，由于Android中的进程管理策略，特别是与服务相关的策略，Android可能只是选择重新启动你的服务(参见你不应该在Android上使用任务杀手)。

我同意泰德的观点。我明白退出应用程序不是 “Android方式”，但它似乎不应该被排除。在这里 您可能需要一个真正的应用程序出口(不是 只是活动):

The user might want some control over which app gets killed in the case of low memory. If important app A is running in the background, then you might like to exit app B when you are done with it so that app A doesn't get killed by the operating system. If your application has sensitive data cached in memory, you might like to kill the app so that a virus/worm/rogue app can't get at it. I know the security model is supposed to prevent that, but just in case... If your application uses resources (like network, CPU, sensors, etc.) that could adversely affect the phone, then one way of ensuring that those resources are freed up is to exit the application. I understand that well-behaved apps should free up resources when they are not needed. But again, exiting the application seems like a reasonable way of ensuring that.

Android应用程序的生命周期是为手机用户设计的，而不是电脑用户。

应用程序生命周期是将Linux服务器转变为消费者设备所需的极其简单的范例。

Android是基于Linux的Java，一个真正的跨平台服务器操作系统。这就是为什么它传播得这么快。应用程序生命周期封装了操作系统的底层现实。

对于手机用户来说，应用只是安装或不安装。没有奔跑或退出的概念。事实上，应用程序进程应该一直运行到操作系统释放它们以获取所拥有的资源为止。

因为这是Stack Overflow，任何阅读这篇文章的人都是计算机用户，必须关闭他们90%的知识来理解移动应用程序的生命周期。

博客文章“何时在Android应用程序中包含退出按钮”(提示:永远不要)解释得比我好得多。我希望每个Android开发者都读过这本书。

摘录:

In my experience what [the users] really want is: An unambiguous way to guarantee that an app will stop consuming resources (battery, CPU cycles, data transfer, etc.). Many users perceive that an exit button implements this requirement and ask for it to be added. Developers, looking to please their users, obligingly add one. Shortly thereafter they both fail. In most cases the exit button simply calls Activity.finish(). This is exactly equivalent to hitting the back button. Exactly. Services keep running and polling keeps happening. Users may think they've killed the app but they haven't, and soon they'll be even more annoyed. Exit behavior is now ambiguous. Should your exit button just close the Activity, or should it also stop all associated Services, Receivers, and Alarms? What should Back do? What happens if they hit Home instead? What happens if your app has a widget? Should the exit button stop that from updating too? The solution is to make the back button behave as you'd expect the exit button to. Better yet, simply stop consuming resources whenever the app isn't visible.

继续阅读完整的文章。

在Intent中使用FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP标志关闭应用程序，然后system.exit();

或者有类似的方法，但是没有system.exit()当你想退出时调用这个方法:

public void exit() {
    startActivity(new Intent(this, HomeActivity.class).
    setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK | IntentCompat.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK).putExtra(EXIT_FLAG, true));
}

在你的HomeActivity.onCreate()中添加以下代码

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    if (getIntent().getBooleanExtra(EXIT_FLAG, false)) {
        if ((getIntent().getFlags() & Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_LAUNCHED_FROM_HISTORY) == 0) {
            finish();
        }
    }
......................

这将在不破坏Android生命周期的情况下工作。

这很简单。只要遵循我要告诉你的这些指示:

比如你有多个活动，从一个活动到另一个活动。你可能会像这样使用intent:

Intent i1 = new Intent(this, AnotherActivity);
startActivity(i1) 

你只需要添加finish();例如，从头到尾在每个活动上启动intent活动后，

Intent i1=new Intent(this, AnotherActivity);
startActivity(i1) 
finish();

所以当你点击退出按钮时使用的是finish()或System.exit(0)必须完全关闭你的应用程序。