我如何参数化一个包含有可变数量参数的IN子句的查询,就像这样?
SELECT * FROM Tags
WHERE Name IN ('ruby','rails','scruffy','rubyonrails')
ORDER BY Count DESC
在这个查询中,参数的数量可以是1到5之间的任意值。
我不喜欢使用专门的存储过程(或XML),但如果有一些特定于SQL Server 2008的优雅方式,我愿意接受。
我如何参数化一个包含有可变数量参数的IN子句的查询,就像这样?
SELECT * FROM Tags
WHERE Name IN ('ruby','rails','scruffy','rubyonrails')
ORDER BY Count DESC
在这个查询中,参数的数量可以是1到5之间的任意值。
我不喜欢使用专门的存储过程(或XML),但如果有一些特定于SQL Server 2008的优雅方式,我愿意接受。
当前回答
步骤1:-
string[] Ids = new string[] { "3", "6", "14" };
string IdsSP = string.Format("'|{0}|'", string.Join("|", Ids));
步骤2:-
@CurrentShipmentStatusIdArray [nvarchar](255) = NULL
步骤3:-
Where @CurrentShipmentStatusIdArray is null or @CurrentShipmentStatusIdArray LIKE '%|' + convert(nvarchar,Shipments.CurrentShipmentStatusId) + '|%'
or
Where @CurrentShipmentStatusIdArray is null or @CurrentShipmentStatusIdArray LIKE '%|' + Shipments.CurrentShipmentStatusId+ '|%'
其他回答
我们有一个函数,创建一个表变量,你可以加入:
ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[Fn_sqllist_to_table](@list AS VARCHAR(8000),
@delim AS VARCHAR(10))
RETURNS @listTable TABLE(
Position INT,
Value VARCHAR(8000))
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @myPos INT
SET @myPos = 1
WHILE Charindex(@delim, @list) > 0
BEGIN
INSERT INTO @listTable
(Position,Value)
VALUES (@myPos,LEFT(@list, Charindex(@delim, @list) - 1))
SET @myPos = @myPos + 1
IF Charindex(@delim, @list) = Len(@list)
INSERT INTO @listTable
(Position,Value)
VALUES (@myPos,'')
SET @list = RIGHT(@list, Len(@list) - Charindex(@delim, @list))
END
IF Len(@list) > 0
INSERT INTO @listTable
(Position,Value)
VALUES (@myPos,@list)
RETURN
END
So:
@Name varchar(8000) = null // parameter for search values
select * from Tags
where Name in (SELECT value From fn_sqllist_to_table(@Name,',')))
order by Count desc
在我看来,解决这个问题的最佳来源是这个网站上发布的内容:
Syscomments。Dinakar Nethi
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fnParseArray (@Array VARCHAR(1000),@separator CHAR(1))
RETURNS @T Table (col1 varchar(50))
AS
BEGIN
--DECLARE @T Table (col1 varchar(50))
-- @Array is the array we wish to parse
-- @Separator is the separator charactor such as a comma
DECLARE @separator_position INT -- This is used to locate each separator character
DECLARE @array_value VARCHAR(1000) -- this holds each array value as it is returned
-- For my loop to work I need an extra separator at the end. I always look to the
-- left of the separator character for each array value
SET @array = @array + @separator
-- Loop through the string searching for separtor characters
WHILE PATINDEX('%' + @separator + '%', @array) <> 0
BEGIN
-- patindex matches the a pattern against a string
SELECT @separator_position = PATINDEX('%' + @separator + '%',@array)
SELECT @array_value = LEFT(@array, @separator_position - 1)
-- This is where you process the values passed.
INSERT into @T VALUES (@array_value)
-- Replace this select statement with your processing
-- @array_value holds the value of this element of the array
-- This replaces what we just processed with and empty string
SELECT @array = STUFF(@array, 1, @separator_position, '')
END
RETURN
END
Use:
SELECT * FROM dbo.fnParseArray('a,b,c,d,e,f', ',')
致谢:Dinakar Nethi
也许我们可以在这里使用XML:
declare @x xml
set @x='<items>
<item myvalue="29790" />
<item myvalue="31250" />
</items>
';
With CTE AS (
SELECT
x.item.value('@myvalue[1]', 'decimal') AS myvalue
FROM @x.nodes('//items/item') AS x(item) )
select * from YourTable where tableColumnName in (select myvalue from cte)
在SQL Server 2016+中,您可以使用STRING_SPLIT函数:
DECLARE @names NVARCHAR(MAX) = 'ruby,rails,scruffy,rubyonrails';
SELECT *
FROM Tags
WHERE Name IN (SELECT [value] FROM STRING_SPLIT(@names, ','))
ORDER BY [Count] DESC;
or:
DECLARE @names NVARCHAR(MAX) = 'ruby,rails,scruffy,rubyonrails';
SELECT t.*
FROM Tags t
JOIN STRING_SPLIT(@names,',')
ON t.Name = [value]
ORDER BY [Count] DESC;
现场演示
公认的答案当然是可行的,这是一种方法,但它是反模式的。
E.按值列表查找行 这是对常见反模式的替代,例如在应用层或Transact-SQL中创建动态SQL字符串,或者使用LIKE操作符: 选择ProductId,名称,标签 从产品 ”,1、2、3”,像“%”+投(ProductId VARCHAR(20吗 )) + ',%';
附录:
为了改进STRING_SPLIT表函数行估计,将分离的值实体化为临时表/表变量是一个好主意:
DECLARE @names NVARCHAR(MAX) = 'ruby,rails,scruffy,rubyonrails,sql';
CREATE TABLE #t(val NVARCHAR(120));
INSERT INTO #t(val) SELECT s.[value] FROM STRING_SPLIT(@names, ',') s;
SELECT *
FROM Tags tg
JOIN #t t
ON t.val = tg.TagName
ORDER BY [Count] DESC;
现场演示
相关内容:如何将值列表传递给存储过程
原来的问题有要求SQL Server 2008。因为这个问题经常被重复使用,所以我添加了这个答案作为参考。
下面是我用过的一个快速而又复杂的技巧:
SELECT * FROM Tags
WHERE '|ruby|rails|scruffy|rubyonrails|'
LIKE '%|' + Name + '|%'
下面是c#代码:
string[] tags = new string[] { "ruby", "rails", "scruffy", "rubyonrails" };
const string cmdText = "select * from tags where '|' + @tags + '|' like '%|' + Name + '|%'";
using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(cmdText)) {
cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@tags", string.Join("|", tags);
}
两个问题:
演出糟透了。像“%……%"查询没有索引。 请确保没有任何|、blank或null标记,否则将无法工作
有些人可能认为还有其他更清洁的方法可以做到这一点,所以请继续阅读。