这是我如何在一个现有的表和列(名为id)上做到这一点:

UPDATE table SET id=ROWNUM;
DECLARE
  maxval NUMBER;
BEGIN
  SELECT MAX(id) INTO maxval FROM table;
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP SEQUENCE table_seq';
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'CREATE SEQUENCE table_seq START WITH '|| TO_CHAR(TO_NUMBER(maxval)+1) ||' INCREMENT BY 1 NOMAXVALUE';
END;
CREATE TRIGGER table_trigger
  BEFORE INSERT ON table
  FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
  :new.id := table_seq.NEXTVAL;
END;

它被称为Identity Columns，只能从oracle 12c获得

CREATE TABLE identity_test_tab
(
   id            NUMBER GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY,
   description   VARCHAR2 (30)
);

插入到标识列的示例如下

INSERT INTO identity_test_tab (description) VALUES ('Just DESCRIPTION');

已创建1行。

你不能像下面这样插入

INSERT INTO identity_test_tab (id, description) VALUES (NULL, 'ID=NULL and DESCRIPTION');

第1行错误:ORA-32795:不能插入生成的always 标识列

INSERT INTO identity_test_tab (id, description) VALUES (999, 'ID=999 and DESCRIPTION');

第1行错误:ORA-32795:不能插入生成的always 标识列

有用的链接

这里有三种口味:

数字。简单递增的数值，例如1,2,3，.... GUID。全局通用标识符，作为RAW数据类型。 GUID(字符串)。与上面相同，但作为字符串，在某些语言中可能更容易处理。

X是单位列。在每个示例中，用表名替换FOO。

-- numerical identity, e.g. 1,2,3...
create table FOO (
    x number primary key
);
create sequence  FOO_seq;

create or replace trigger FOO_trg
before insert on FOO
for each row
begin
  select FOO_seq.nextval into :new.x from dual;
end;
/

-- GUID identity, e.g. 7CFF0C304187716EE040488AA1F9749A
-- use the commented out lines if you prefer RAW over VARCHAR2.
create table FOO (
    x varchar(32) primary key        -- string version
    -- x raw(32) primary key         -- raw version
);

create or replace trigger FOO_trg
before insert on FOO
for each row
begin
  select cast(sys_guid() as varchar2(32)) into :new.x from dual;  -- string version
  -- select sys_guid() into :new.x from dual;                     -- raw version
end;
/

更新:

Oracle 12c引入了两个不依赖触发器的变体:

create table mytable(id number default mysequence.nextval);
create table mytable(id number generated as identity);

第一个是传统的序列;第二个在内部管理值。

在甲骨文12c以后，你可以这样做，

CREATE TABLE MAPS
(
  MAP_ID INTEGER GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY (START WITH 1 INCREMENT BY 1) NOT NULL,
  MAP_NAME VARCHAR(24) NOT NULL,
  UNIQUE (MAP_ID, MAP_NAME)
);

在Oracle (Pre 12c)中。

-- create table
CREATE TABLE MAPS
(
  MAP_ID INTEGER NOT NULL ,
  MAP_NAME VARCHAR(24) NOT NULL,
  UNIQUE (MAP_ID, MAP_NAME)
);

-- create sequence
CREATE SEQUENCE MAPS_SEQ;

-- create tigger using the sequence
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER MAPS_TRG 
BEFORE INSERT ON MAPS 
FOR EACH ROW
WHEN (new.MAP_ID IS NULL)
BEGIN
  SELECT MAPS_SEQ.NEXTVAL
  INTO   :new.MAP_ID
  FROM   dual;
END;
/

这是我如何在一个现有的表和列(名为id)上做到这一点:

UPDATE table SET id=ROWNUM;
DECLARE
  maxval NUMBER;
BEGIN
  SELECT MAX(id) INTO maxval FROM table;
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP SEQUENCE table_seq';
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'CREATE SEQUENCE table_seq START WITH '|| TO_CHAR(TO_NUMBER(maxval)+1) ||' INCREMENT BY 1 NOMAXVALUE';
END;
CREATE TRIGGER table_trigger
  BEFORE INSERT ON table
  FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
  :new.id := table_seq.NEXTVAL;
END;

假设您指的是类似SQL Server标识列的列?

在Oracle中，您可以使用SEQUENCE来实现相同的功能。我看看能不能找到一个好的链接，然后贴在这里。

更新:看起来你自己找到了。这里是链接: http://www.techonthenet.com/oracle/sequences.php