在Oracle中似乎没有AUTO_INCREMENT的概念,直到并且包括版本11g。
如何在Oracle 11g中创建一个行为像自动递增的列?
在Oracle中似乎没有AUTO_INCREMENT的概念,直到并且包括版本11g。
如何在Oracle 11g中创建一个行为像自动递增的列?
当前回答
在Oracle 11g中没有“auto_increment”或“identity”列这样的东西。然而,你可以很容易地用一个序列和一个触发器来建模:
表定义:
CREATE TABLE departments (
ID NUMBER(10) NOT NULL,
DESCRIPTION VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL);
ALTER TABLE departments ADD (
CONSTRAINT dept_pk PRIMARY KEY (ID));
CREATE SEQUENCE dept_seq START WITH 1;
触发器定义:
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER dept_bir
BEFORE INSERT ON departments
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
SELECT dept_seq.NEXTVAL
INTO :new.id
FROM dual;
END;
/
更新:
IDENTITY列现在可以在Oracle 12c上使用:
create table t1 (
c1 NUMBER GENERATED by default on null as IDENTITY,
c2 VARCHAR2(10)
);
或者指定起始值和增量值,同时防止任何插入标识列(GENERATED ALWAYS)(同样,仅适用于Oracle 12c+)
create table t1 (
c1 NUMBER GENERATED ALWAYS as IDENTITY(START with 1 INCREMENT by 1),
c2 VARCHAR2(10)
);
另外,Oracle 12也允许使用一个序列作为默认值:
CREATE SEQUENCE dept_seq START WITH 1;
CREATE TABLE departments (
ID NUMBER(10) DEFAULT dept_seq.nextval NOT NULL,
DESCRIPTION VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL);
ALTER TABLE departments ADD (
CONSTRAINT dept_pk PRIMARY KEY (ID));
其他回答
查询如何在oracle中创建自动增量。在下面的查询中,每当插入新行时,列值将自动递增
CREATE TABLE table1(
id RAW(16) NOT NULL ENABLE,
incrmnt NUMBER(10,0) GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY
MINVALUE 1 MAXVALUE 999999999999999999999999999 INCREMENT BY 1 START WITH 1 NOORDER NOCYCLE NOT NULL ENABLE,
CONSTRAINT PK_table1 PRIMARY KEY (id) ENABLE);
oracle在12c中有序列和标识列
http://www.oracle-base.com/articles/12c/identity-columns-in-oracle-12cr1.php#identity-columns
我发现了这个,但不确定rdb7是什么 http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/products/rdb/0307-identity-columns-128126.pdf
在Oracle 11g中没有“auto_increment”或“identity”列这样的东西。然而,你可以很容易地用一个序列和一个触发器来建模:
表定义:
CREATE TABLE departments (
ID NUMBER(10) NOT NULL,
DESCRIPTION VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL);
ALTER TABLE departments ADD (
CONSTRAINT dept_pk PRIMARY KEY (ID));
CREATE SEQUENCE dept_seq START WITH 1;
触发器定义:
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER dept_bir
BEFORE INSERT ON departments
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
SELECT dept_seq.NEXTVAL
INTO :new.id
FROM dual;
END;
/
更新:
IDENTITY列现在可以在Oracle 12c上使用:
create table t1 (
c1 NUMBER GENERATED by default on null as IDENTITY,
c2 VARCHAR2(10)
);
或者指定起始值和增量值,同时防止任何插入标识列(GENERATED ALWAYS)(同样,仅适用于Oracle 12c+)
create table t1 (
c1 NUMBER GENERATED ALWAYS as IDENTITY(START with 1 INCREMENT by 1),
c2 VARCHAR2(10)
);
另外,Oracle 12也允许使用一个序列作为默认值:
CREATE SEQUENCE dept_seq START WITH 1;
CREATE TABLE departments (
ID NUMBER(10) DEFAULT dept_seq.nextval NOT NULL,
DESCRIPTION VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL);
ALTER TABLE departments ADD (
CONSTRAINT dept_pk PRIMARY KEY (ID));
这里是完整的解决方案w.r.t异常/错误处理自动增量,这个解决方案向后兼容,将工作在11g和12c,特别是如果应用程序在生产中。
请用合适的表名替换'TABLE_NAME'
--checking if table already exisits
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP TABLE TABLE_NAME';
EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN NULL;
END;
/
--creating table
CREATE TABLE TABLE_NAME (
ID NUMBER(10) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
.
.
.
);
--checking if sequence already exists
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'DROP SEQUENCE TABLE_NAME_SEQ';
EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN NULL;
END;
--creating sequence
/
CREATE SEQUENCE TABLE_NAME_SEQ START WITH 1 INCREMENT BY 1 MINVALUE 1 NOMAXVALUE NOCYCLE CACHE 2;
--granting rights as per required user group
/
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON TABLE_NAME TO USER_GROUP;
-- creating trigger
/
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TABLE_NAME_TS BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON TABLE_NAME FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
-- auto increment column
SELECT TABLE_NAME_SEQ.NextVal INTO :New.ID FROM dual;
-- You can also put some other required default data as per need of your columns, for example
SELECT SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SESSIONID') INTO :New.SessionID FROM dual;
SELECT SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','SERVER_HOST') INTO :New.HostName FROM dual;
SELECT SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','OS_USER') INTO :New.LoginID FROM dual;
.
.
.
END;
/
FUNCTION UNIQUE2(
seq IN NUMBER
) RETURN VARCHAR2
AS
i NUMBER := seq;
s VARCHAR2(9);
r NUMBER(2,0);
BEGIN
WHILE i > 0 LOOP
r := MOD( i, 36 );
i := ( i - r ) / 36;
IF ( r < 10 ) THEN
s := TO_CHAR(r) || s;
ELSE
s := CHR( 55 + r ) || s;
END IF;
END LOOP;
RETURN 'ID'||LPAD( s, 14, '0' );
END;