这是一个检查文件更改的示例。这可能不是最好的方法，但肯定是一条捷径。

方便的工具，重新启动应用程序时，已作出更改的源。我在玩pygame的时候做了这个，这样我就可以看到文件保存后立即发生的效果。

当在pygame中使用时，确保'while'循环中的东西被放置在你的游戏循环中，也就是更新或其他什么。否则你的应用将陷入无限循环，你将看不到游戏的更新。

file_size_stored = os.stat('neuron.py').st_size

  while True:
    try:
      file_size_current = os.stat('neuron.py').st_size
      if file_size_stored != file_size_current:
        restart_program()
    except: 
      pass

如果你想要重启代码我在网上找到的。在这儿。(与问题无关，但可能会派上用场)

def restart_program(): #restart application
    python = sys.executable
    os.execl(python, python, * sys.argv)

让电子做你想让它们做的事情。

因为我已经全局安装了它，所以我最喜欢的方法是使用nodemon。如果你的源代码在src中，你的入口点是src/app.py，那么就像这样简单:

nodemon -w 'src/**' -e py,html --exec python src/app.py

．.． 其中-e py,html允许您控制要监视更改的文件类型。

对我来说，最简单的解决方法就是使用看门狗的工具watchmedo

从https://pypi.python.org/pypi/watchdog我现在有一个进程，在一个目录中查找sql文件，并在必要时执行它们。

watchmedo shell-command \
--patterns="*.sql" \
--recursive \
--command='~/Desktop/load_files_into_mysql_database.sh' \
.

为了用轮询和最小依赖来观察单个文件，下面是一个完整的例子，基于Deestan的回答(上面):

import os
import sys 
import time

class Watcher(object):
    running = True
    refresh_delay_secs = 1

    # Constructor
    def __init__(self, watch_file, call_func_on_change=None, *args, **kwargs):
        self._cached_stamp = 0
        self.filename = watch_file
        self.call_func_on_change = call_func_on_change
        self.args = args
        self.kwargs = kwargs

    # Look for changes
    def look(self):
        stamp = os.stat(self.filename).st_mtime
        if stamp != self._cached_stamp:
            self._cached_stamp = stamp
            # File has changed, so do something...
            print('File changed')
            if self.call_func_on_change is not None:
                self.call_func_on_change(*self.args, **self.kwargs)

    # Keep watching in a loop        
    def watch(self):
        while self.running: 
            try: 
                # Look for changes
                time.sleep(self.refresh_delay_secs) 
                self.look() 
            except KeyboardInterrupt: 
                print('\nDone') 
                break 
            except FileNotFoundError:
                # Action on file not found
                pass
            except: 
                print('Unhandled error: %s' % sys.exc_info()[0])

# Call this function each time a change happens
def custom_action(text):
    print(text)

watch_file = 'my_file.txt'

# watcher = Watcher(watch_file)  # simple
watcher = Watcher(watch_file, custom_action, text='yes, changed')  # also call custom action function
watcher.watch()  # start the watch going

看看我对类似问题的回答。您可以在Python中尝试相同的循环。本页建议:

import time

while 1:
    where = file.tell()
    line = file.readline()
    if not line:
        time.sleep(1)
        file.seek(where)
    else:
        print line, # already has newline

还可以使用Python查看文件中的问题tail()。

这是对Tim Goldan脚本的另一种修改，它运行在unix类型上，并通过使用dict (file=>time)为文件修改添加了一个简单的监控器。

用法:whatvername .py path_to_dir_to_watch

#!/usr/bin/env python

import os, sys, time

def files_to_timestamp(path):
    files = [os.path.join(path, f) for f in os.listdir(path)]
    return dict ([(f, os.path.getmtime(f)) for f in files])

if __name__ == "__main__":

    path_to_watch = sys.argv[1]
    print('Watching {}..'.format(path_to_watch))

    before = files_to_timestamp(path_to_watch)

    while 1:
        time.sleep (2)
        after = files_to_timestamp(path_to_watch)

        added = [f for f in after.keys() if not f in before.keys()]
        removed = [f for f in before.keys() if not f in after.keys()]
        modified = []

        for f in before.keys():
            if not f in removed:
                if os.path.getmtime(f) != before.get(f):
                    modified.append(f)

        if added: print('Added: {}'.format(', '.join(added)))
        if removed: print('Removed: {}'.format(', '.join(removed)))
        if modified: print('Modified: {}'.format(', '.join(modified)))

        before = after