使用iOS SDK:

我有一个带UITextFields的UIView,可以启动键盘。我需要它能够:

启动键盘后,允许滚动UIScrollView的内容以查看其他文本字段自动“跳转”(通过向上滚动)或缩短

我知道我需要一个UIScrollView。我已经尝试将UIView的类更改为UIScrollView,但仍然无法上下滚动文本框。

我需要UIView和UIScrollView吗?一个在另一个里面吗?

要自动滚动到活动文本字段,需要执行哪些操作?

理想情况下,尽可能多的组件设置将在Interface Builder中完成。我只想编写需要的代码。

注意:我使用的UIView(或UIScrollView)是由一个选项卡(UITabBar)启动的,它需要正常工作。


我正在添加滚动条,只为键盘出现时使用。尽管不需要它,但我觉得它提供了一个更好的界面,例如,用户可以滚动和更改文本框。

当键盘上下移动时,我可以改变UIScrollView的框架大小。我只是在使用:

-(void)textFieldDidBeginEditing:(UITextField *)textField {
    //Keyboard becomes visible
    scrollView.frame = CGRectMake(scrollView.frame.origin.x,
                                  scrollView.frame.origin.y,
    scrollView.frame.size.width,
    scrollView.frame.size.height - 215 + 50);   // Resize
}

-(void)textFieldDidEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField {
    // Keyboard will hide
    scrollView.frame = CGRectMake(scrollView.frame.origin.x,
                                  scrollView.frame.origin.y,
                                  scrollView.frame.size.width,
                                  scrollView.frame.size.height + 215 - 50); // Resize
}

然而,这不会自动“向上移动”或将可见区域中的下部文本字段居中,这是我真正想要的。


当前回答

-快速用户界面

仅显示活动文本字段

这将充分移动视图,以避免仅隐藏活动的TextField。

struct ContentView: View {
    @ObservedObject private var kGuardian = KeyboardGuardian(textFieldCount: 3)
    @State private var name = Array<String>.init(repeating: "", count: 3)

    var body: some View {

        VStack {
            Group {
                Text("Some filler text").font(.largeTitle)
                Text("Some filler text").font(.largeTitle)
            }

            TextField("text #1", text: $name[0], onEditingChanged: { if $0 { self.kGuardian.showField = 0 } })
                .textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle())
                .background(GeometryGetter(rect: $kGuardian.rects[0]))

            TextField("text #2", text: $name[1], onEditingChanged: { if $0 { self.kGuardian.showField = 1 } })
                .textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle())
                .background(GeometryGetter(rect: $kGuardian.rects[1]))

            TextField("text #3", text: $name[2], onEditingChanged: { if $0 { self.kGuardian.showField = 2 } })
                .textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle())
                .background(GeometryGetter(rect: $kGuardian.rects[2]))

            }.offset(y: kGuardian.slide).animation(.easeInOut(duration: 0.25))
    }

}

显示所有文本字段

如果键盘显示其中任何一个文本字段,则会将所有文本字段上移。但只有在需要时。如果键盘不隐藏文本字段,它们将不会移动。

struct ContentView: View {
    @ObservedObject private var kGuardian = KeyboardGuardian(textFieldCount: 1)
    @State private var name = Array<String>.init(repeating: "", count: 3)

    var body: some View {

        VStack {
            Group {
                Text("Some filler text").font(.largeTitle)
                Text("Some filler text").font(.largeTitle)
            }

            TextField("enter text #1", text: $name[0])
                .textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle())

            TextField("enter text #2", text: $name[1])
                .textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle())

            TextField("enter text #3", text: $name[2])
                .textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle())
                .background(GeometryGetter(rect: $kGuardian.rects[0]))

        }.offset(y: kGuardian.slide).animation(.easeInOut(duration: 0.25))
    }

}

两个示例都使用相同的通用代码:GeometryGetter和KeyboardGuardian灵感来自@kontiki

几何图形获取器

这是一个吸收其父视图的大小和位置的视图。在这里封装描述为了实现这一点,它在.background修饰符中被调用。这是一个非常强大的修改器,而不仅仅是一种装饰视图背景的方法。当将视图传递给.background(MyView())时,MyView将获得修改后的视图作为父视图。使用GeometryReader可以使视图了解父对象的几何图形。

例如:Text(“hello”).background(GeometryGetter(rect:$bounds))将使用Text视图的大小和位置并使用全局坐标空间填充变量边界。

struct GeometryGetter: View {
    @Binding var rect: CGRect

    var body: some View {
        GeometryReader { geometry in
            Group { () -> AnyView in
                DispatchQueue.main.async {
                    self.rect = geometry.frame(in: .global)
                }

                return AnyView(Color.clear)
            }
        }
    }
}

请注意,DispatchQueue.main.async是为了避免在渲染视图时修改视图状态的可能性。

键盘守护者

KeyboardGuardian的目的是跟踪键盘显示/隐藏事件,并计算视图需要移动的空间。

注意,当用户从一个字段切换到另一个字段时,它会刷新幻灯片*

import SwiftUI
import Combine

final class KeyboardGuardian: ObservableObject {
    public var rects: Array<CGRect>
    public var keyboardRect: CGRect = CGRect()

    // keyboardWillShow notification may be posted repeatedly,
    // this flag makes sure we only act once per keyboard appearance
    public var keyboardIsHidden = true

    @Published var slide: CGFloat = 0

    var showField: Int = 0 {
        didSet {
            updateSlide()
        }
    }

    init(textFieldCount: Int) {
        self.rects = Array<CGRect>(repeating: CGRect(), count: textFieldCount)

        NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(keyBoardWillShow(notification:)), name: UIResponder.keyboardWillShowNotification, object: nil)
        NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(keyBoardDidHide(notification:)), name: UIResponder.keyboardDidHideNotification, object: nil)

    }

    deinit {
        NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self)
    }

    @objc func keyBoardWillShow(notification: Notification) {
        if keyboardIsHidden {
            keyboardIsHidden = false
            if let rect = notification.userInfo?["UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey"] as? CGRect {
                keyboardRect = rect
                updateSlide()
            }
        }
    }

    @objc func keyBoardDidHide(notification: Notification) {
        keyboardIsHidden = true
        updateSlide()
    }

    func updateSlide() {
        if keyboardIsHidden {
            slide = 0
        } else {
            let tfRect = self.rects[self.showField]
            let diff = keyboardRect.minY - tfRect.maxY

            if diff > 0 {
                slide += diff
            } else {
                slide += min(diff, 0)
            }

        }
    }
}

其他回答

使用这个第三方,你甚至不需要写一行

https://github.com/hackiftekhar/IQKeyboardManager

下载项目并在项目中拖放IQKeyboardManager。如果您发现任何问题,请阅读README文档。

伙计们管理键盘真的很头疼。

-快速用户界面

仅显示活动文本字段

这将充分移动视图,以避免仅隐藏活动的TextField。

struct ContentView: View {
    @ObservedObject private var kGuardian = KeyboardGuardian(textFieldCount: 3)
    @State private var name = Array<String>.init(repeating: "", count: 3)

    var body: some View {

        VStack {
            Group {
                Text("Some filler text").font(.largeTitle)
                Text("Some filler text").font(.largeTitle)
            }

            TextField("text #1", text: $name[0], onEditingChanged: { if $0 { self.kGuardian.showField = 0 } })
                .textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle())
                .background(GeometryGetter(rect: $kGuardian.rects[0]))

            TextField("text #2", text: $name[1], onEditingChanged: { if $0 { self.kGuardian.showField = 1 } })
                .textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle())
                .background(GeometryGetter(rect: $kGuardian.rects[1]))

            TextField("text #3", text: $name[2], onEditingChanged: { if $0 { self.kGuardian.showField = 2 } })
                .textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle())
                .background(GeometryGetter(rect: $kGuardian.rects[2]))

            }.offset(y: kGuardian.slide).animation(.easeInOut(duration: 0.25))
    }

}

显示所有文本字段

如果键盘显示其中任何一个文本字段,则会将所有文本字段上移。但只有在需要时。如果键盘不隐藏文本字段,它们将不会移动。

struct ContentView: View {
    @ObservedObject private var kGuardian = KeyboardGuardian(textFieldCount: 1)
    @State private var name = Array<String>.init(repeating: "", count: 3)

    var body: some View {

        VStack {
            Group {
                Text("Some filler text").font(.largeTitle)
                Text("Some filler text").font(.largeTitle)
            }

            TextField("enter text #1", text: $name[0])
                .textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle())

            TextField("enter text #2", text: $name[1])
                .textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle())

            TextField("enter text #3", text: $name[2])
                .textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle())
                .background(GeometryGetter(rect: $kGuardian.rects[0]))

        }.offset(y: kGuardian.slide).animation(.easeInOut(duration: 0.25))
    }

}

两个示例都使用相同的通用代码:GeometryGetter和KeyboardGuardian灵感来自@kontiki

几何图形获取器

这是一个吸收其父视图的大小和位置的视图。在这里封装描述为了实现这一点,它在.background修饰符中被调用。这是一个非常强大的修改器,而不仅仅是一种装饰视图背景的方法。当将视图传递给.background(MyView())时,MyView将获得修改后的视图作为父视图。使用GeometryReader可以使视图了解父对象的几何图形。

例如:Text(“hello”).background(GeometryGetter(rect:$bounds))将使用Text视图的大小和位置并使用全局坐标空间填充变量边界。

struct GeometryGetter: View {
    @Binding var rect: CGRect

    var body: some View {
        GeometryReader { geometry in
            Group { () -> AnyView in
                DispatchQueue.main.async {
                    self.rect = geometry.frame(in: .global)
                }

                return AnyView(Color.clear)
            }
        }
    }
}

请注意,DispatchQueue.main.async是为了避免在渲染视图时修改视图状态的可能性。

键盘守护者

KeyboardGuardian的目的是跟踪键盘显示/隐藏事件,并计算视图需要移动的空间。

注意,当用户从一个字段切换到另一个字段时,它会刷新幻灯片*

import SwiftUI
import Combine

final class KeyboardGuardian: ObservableObject {
    public var rects: Array<CGRect>
    public var keyboardRect: CGRect = CGRect()

    // keyboardWillShow notification may be posted repeatedly,
    // this flag makes sure we only act once per keyboard appearance
    public var keyboardIsHidden = true

    @Published var slide: CGFloat = 0

    var showField: Int = 0 {
        didSet {
            updateSlide()
        }
    }

    init(textFieldCount: Int) {
        self.rects = Array<CGRect>(repeating: CGRect(), count: textFieldCount)

        NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(keyBoardWillShow(notification:)), name: UIResponder.keyboardWillShowNotification, object: nil)
        NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(keyBoardDidHide(notification:)), name: UIResponder.keyboardDidHideNotification, object: nil)

    }

    deinit {
        NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self)
    }

    @objc func keyBoardWillShow(notification: Notification) {
        if keyboardIsHidden {
            keyboardIsHidden = false
            if let rect = notification.userInfo?["UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey"] as? CGRect {
                keyboardRect = rect
                updateSlide()
            }
        }
    }

    @objc func keyBoardDidHide(notification: Notification) {
        keyboardIsHidden = true
        updateSlide()
    }

    func updateSlide() {
        if keyboardIsHidden {
            slide = 0
        } else {
            let tfRect = self.rects[self.showField]
            let diff = keyboardRect.minY - tfRect.maxY

            if diff > 0 {
                slide += diff
            } else {
                slide += min(diff, 0)
            }

        }
    }
}

当UITextField位于UITableViewCell中时,应自动设置滚动。

如果不是,可能是因为表视图的代码/设置不正确。

例如,当我重新加载长表时,底部有一个UITextField,如下所示:,

-(void) viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated
{
   [self.tableview reloadData];
}

然后,当我在文本字段内单击时,底部的文本字段被键盘遮挡。

为了解决这个问题,我必须这样做-

-(void) viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated
{
    //add the following line to fix issue
    [super viewWillAppear:animated];
    [self.tableview reloadData];
}

我发现@DK_是我开始使用的解决方案。然而,假设scrollView覆盖了整个视图。我不是这样的。我只想要一个滚动视图,以防键盘覆盖了登录屏幕上的下文本字段。因此,我的内容视图与滚动视图大小相同,比主视图小。

它也没有考虑到景观,这是我开始遇到麻烦的地方。玩了几天后,这是我的键盘显示:方法。

- (void)keyboardWasShown:(NSNotification*)aNotification
{
    // A lot of the inspiration for this code came from http://stackoverflow.com/a/4837510/594602
    CGFloat height = 0;
    NSDictionary* info = [aNotification userInfo];

    CGRect kbFrameRect = [[info objectForKey:UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey] CGRectValue];
    CGRect kbBoundsRect = [self.view convertRect:kbFrameRect fromView:nil]; // Convert frame from window to view coordinates.

    CGRect scrollRect = scrollView.frame;
    CGRect intersect = CGRectIntersection(kbBoundsRect, scrollRect);

    if (!CGRectIsNull(intersect))
    {
        height = intersect.size.height;
        UIEdgeInsets contentInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0.0, 0.0, height, 0.0);
        scrollView.contentInset = contentInsets;
        scrollView.scrollIndicatorInsets = contentInsets;
    }

    // Figure out what the view rectangle is for the scrollView
    CGPoint contentOffset = scrollView.contentOffset;
    CGRect visibleRect = CGRectOffset(scrollRect, contentOffset.x, contentOffset.y);    // I'm not 100% sure if this is needed/right. My scrollView was always at the top in testing.
    visibleRect.size.height -= height;
    CGRect activeRect = activeField.frame;

    if (!CGRectContainsRect(visibleRect, activeRect))
    {
        [self.scrollView scrollRectToVisible:activeField.frame animated:YES];
    }
}

我在使用自动布局时也遇到了一些困难。如果我没有正确完成布局,我就没有得到预期的滚动效果。有一件事让生活变得更加简单,那就是将所有要滚动的项目放在一个视图中,并将其作为滚动视图中的唯一项目。我把这个单一视图称为“内容视图”。

我认为关键部分是内容视图有一个设定的宽度和高度。这使得滚动视图能够准确地知道需要处理多少内容。这与通常的布局有点不同。通常情况下,视图会尽量占据更多空间。对于滚动视图的内容,您试图使视图尽可能地限制自己。内容视图允许您停止此操作。所以我给了我248的高度,并使用320的标准屏幕宽度作为我的宽度。

最终对我有用的布局如下:

滚动视图到超级视图:基本上我给了顶部、左侧和右侧的约束。水平空间-视图-滚动视图(0)垂直空间-视图-滚动视图(0)水平空间-滚动视图-视图(0)滚动视图高度:我将滚动视图设置为恒定高度。我不知道这是否真的有必要,但它有滚动视图本身的界限。高度-(248)-滚动视图滚动视图的内容视图:我给了所有方面的常量,顶部、左侧、底部和右侧。垂直空间-视图-滚动视图(0)垂直空间-滚动视图-视图(0)水平空间-视图-滚动视图(0)水平空间-滚动视图-视图(0)内容视图的维度。高度-(248)-视图宽度-(320)-视图

有很多答案可以告诉我们这个方法。我采取了相同的方法,但实施效果不佳。

这是基本想法。我修改了keyboardWasShown方法。

{
// Obtain keyboard Info
NSDictionary* info = [notification userInfo];
CGRect keyboardRect = [[info objectForKey:UIKeyboardFrameBeginUserInfoKey] CGRectValue];
keyboardRect = [self.view convertRect:keyboardRect fromView:nil];

// Obtain ScrollView Info w.r.t. top View
CGRect scrollViewRect = [self.view convertRect:self.scrollView.frame fromView:nil];

// Depending upon your screen Ui, Scroll View's bottom edge might be at some offset from screen's bottom
// Calculate the exact offset
int scrollViewBottomOffset = self.view.frame.size.height - (scrollViewRect.origin.y + scrollViewRect.size.height);
int heightToBeAdjusted = keyboardRect.size.height - scrollViewBottomOffset;


// We may also need to consider the Insets if already present with ScrollView. Let's keep it simple for now
// But we should store these, so that we can restore the Insets when Keyboard is gone
// origInsets = self.scrollView.contentInset;

// Set the new Insets for ScrollView
UIEdgeInsets contentInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0.0, 0.0, heightToBeAdjusted, 0.0);
self.scrollView.contentInset = contentInsets;
self.scrollView.scrollIndicatorInsets = contentInsets;

// Visible frame (not overlapped by Keyboard)
CGRect visibleFrame = self.view.frame;
visibleFrame.size.height -= keyboardRect.size.height;

// Get the Rect for Textfield w.r.t self.view
CGRect activeFieldFrame = self.activeField.frame;
activeFieldFrame = [self.view convertRect:activeFieldFrame fromView:self.scrollView];

// Check if the TextField is Visible or not
if (!CGRectContainsRect(visibleFrame, activeFieldFrame) ) {
    // Scroll to make it visible but for scrolling use the activeField frame w.r.t. to scroll View
    [self.scrollView scrollRectToVisible:self.activeField.frame animated:YES];
}

}

并添加此方法来初始化activeField

- (IBAction)textFieldDidBeginEditing:(UITextField *)sender
{
self.activeField = sender;
}