给定这个数组:
$inventory = array(
array("type"=>"fruit", "price"=>3.50),
array("type"=>"milk", "price"=>2.90),
array("type"=>"pork", "price"=>5.43),
);
我想按价格排序$inventory的元素,以获得:
$inventory = array(
array("type"=>"pork", "price"=>5.43),
array("type"=>"fruit", "price"=>3.50),
array("type"=>"milk", "price"=>2.90),
);
我该怎么做呢?
因为数组元素本身就是带有字符串键的数组,所以最好定义一个自定义比较函数。做起来又快又简单。试试这个:
function invenDescSort($item1,$item2)
{
if ($item1['price'] == $item2['price']) return 0;
return ($item1['price'] < $item2['price']) ? 1 : -1;
}
usort($inventory,'invenDescSort');
print_r($inventory);
产生以下结果:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => pork
[price] => 5.43
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => fruit
[price] => 3.5
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => milk
[price] => 2.9
)
)
完整的动态功能
我跳到这里进行关联数组排序,并在http://php.net/manual/en/function.sort.php上找到了这个惊人的函数。这个函数是非常动态的,用指定的键按升序和降序排序。
按特定键对数组排序的简单函数。维护索引关联
<?php
function array_sort($array, $on, $order=SORT_ASC)
{
$new_array = array();
$sortable_array = array();
if (count($array) > 0) {
foreach ($array as $k => $v) {
if (is_array($v)) {
foreach ($v as $k2 => $v2) {
if ($k2 == $on) {
$sortable_array[$k] = $v2;
}
}
} else {
$sortable_array[$k] = $v;
}
}
switch ($order) {
case SORT_ASC:
asort($sortable_array);
break;
case SORT_DESC:
arsort($sortable_array);
break;
}
foreach ($sortable_array as $k => $v) {
$new_array[$k] = $array[$k];
}
}
return $new_array;
}
$people = array(
12345 => array(
'id' => 12345,
'first_name' => 'Joe',
'surname' => 'Bloggs',
'age' => 23,
'sex' => 'm'
),
12346 => array(
'id' => 12346,
'first_name' => 'Adam',
'surname' => 'Smith',
'age' => 18,
'sex' => 'm'
),
12347 => array(
'id' => 12347,
'first_name' => 'Amy',
'surname' => 'Jones',
'age' => 21,
'sex' => 'f'
)
);
print_r(array_sort($people, 'age', SORT_DESC)); // Sort by oldest first
print_r(array_sort($people, 'surname', SORT_ASC)); // Sort by surname
适用于PHP 7及更高版本。
/**
* A method for sorting associative arrays by a key and a direction.
* Direction can be ASC or DESC.
*
* @param $array
* @param $key
* @param $direction
* @return mixed $array
*/
function sortAssociativeArrayByKey($array, $key, $direction){
switch ($direction){
case "ASC":
usort($array, function ($first, $second) use ($key) {
return $first[$key] <=> $second[$key];
});
break;
case "DESC":
usort($array, function ($first, $second) use ($key) {
return $second[$key] <=> $first[$key];
});
break;
default:
break;
}
return $array;
}
用法:
$inventory = sortAssociativeArrayByKey($inventory, "price", "ASC");
$inventory =
array(array("type"=>"fruit", "price"=>3.50),
array("type"=>"milk", "price"=>2.90),
array("type"=>"pork", "price"=>5.43),
);
function pricesort($a, $b) {
$a = $a['price'];
$b = $b['price'];
if ($a == $b)
return 0;
return ($a > $b) ? -1 : 1;
}
usort($inventory, "pricesort");
// uksort($inventory, "pricesort");
print("first: ".$inventory[0]['type']."\n\n");
// for usort(): prints milk (item with lowest price)
// for uksort(): prints fruit (item with key 0 in the original $inventory)
// foreach prints the same for usort and uksort.
foreach($inventory as $i){
print($i['type'].": ".$i['price']."\n");
}
输出:
first: pork
pork: 5.43
fruit: 3.5
milk: 2.9