我正在为我们的应用程序开发一个新的RESTful Web服务。

当对某些实体执行GET时,客户端可以请求实体的内容。如果他们想添加一些参数(例如排序列表),可以在查询字符串中添加这些参数。

或者,我希望人们能够在请求主体中指定这些参数。HTTP/1.1似乎并没有明确禁止这一点。这将允许他们指定更多信息,可能会更容易指定复杂的XML请求。

我的问题:

这完全是个好主意吗?HTTP客户端在GET请求中使用请求体时会遇到问题吗?

https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2616


当前回答

创建Requestfactory类

import java.net.URI;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Component
public class RequestFactory {
    private RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();

    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        this.restTemplate.setRequestFactory(new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestWithBodyFactory());
    }

    private static final class HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestWithBodyFactory extends HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory {
        @Override
        protected HttpUriRequest createHttpUriRequest(HttpMethod httpMethod, URI uri) {
            if (httpMethod == HttpMethod.GET) {
                return new HttpGetRequestWithEntity(uri);
            }
            return super.createHttpUriRequest(httpMethod, uri);
        }
    }

    private static final class HttpGetRequestWithEntity extends HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase {
        public HttpGetRequestWithEntity(final URI uri) {
            super.setURI(uri);
        }

        @Override
        public String getMethod() {
            return HttpMethod.GET.name();
        }
    }

    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return restTemplate;
    }
}

和@Autowired,这里是一个带有RequestBody的GET请求示例代码

 @RestController
 @RequestMapping("/v1/API")
public class APIServiceController {
    
    @Autowired
    private RequestFactory requestFactory;
    

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, path = "/getData")
    public ResponseEntity<APIResponse> getLicenses(@RequestBody APIRequest2 APIRequest){
        APIResponse response = new APIResponse();
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
        Gson gson = new Gson();
        try {
            StringBuilder createPartUrl = new StringBuilder(PART_URL).append(PART_URL2);
            
            HttpEntity<String> entity = new HttpEntity<String>(gson.toJson(APIRequest),headers);
            ResponseEntity<APIResponse> storeViewResponse = requestFactory.getRestTemplate().exchange(createPartUrl.toString(), HttpMethod.GET, entity, APIResponse.class); //.getForObject(createLicenseUrl.toString(), APIResponse.class, entity);
    
            if(storeViewResponse.hasBody()) {
                response = storeViewResponse.getBody();
            }
            return new ResponseEntity<APIResponse>(response, HttpStatus.OK);
        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return new ResponseEntity<APIResponse>(response, HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
        }
        
    }
}

其他回答

例如,它适用于Curl、Apache和PHP。

PHP文件:

<?php
echo $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] . PHP_EOL;
echo file_get_contents('php://input') . PHP_EOL;

Console命令:

$ curl -X GET -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"the": "body"}' 'http://localhost/test/get.php'

输出:

GET
{"the": "body"}

创建Requestfactory类

import java.net.URI;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Component
public class RequestFactory {
    private RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();

    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        this.restTemplate.setRequestFactory(new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestWithBodyFactory());
    }

    private static final class HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestWithBodyFactory extends HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory {
        @Override
        protected HttpUriRequest createHttpUriRequest(HttpMethod httpMethod, URI uri) {
            if (httpMethod == HttpMethod.GET) {
                return new HttpGetRequestWithEntity(uri);
            }
            return super.createHttpUriRequest(httpMethod, uri);
        }
    }

    private static final class HttpGetRequestWithEntity extends HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase {
        public HttpGetRequestWithEntity(final URI uri) {
            super.setURI(uri);
        }

        @Override
        public String getMethod() {
            return HttpMethod.GET.name();
        }
    }

    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return restTemplate;
    }
}

和@Autowired,这里是一个带有RequestBody的GET请求示例代码

 @RestController
 @RequestMapping("/v1/API")
public class APIServiceController {
    
    @Autowired
    private RequestFactory requestFactory;
    

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, path = "/getData")
    public ResponseEntity<APIResponse> getLicenses(@RequestBody APIRequest2 APIRequest){
        APIResponse response = new APIResponse();
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
        Gson gson = new Gson();
        try {
            StringBuilder createPartUrl = new StringBuilder(PART_URL).append(PART_URL2);
            
            HttpEntity<String> entity = new HttpEntity<String>(gson.toJson(APIRequest),headers);
            ResponseEntity<APIResponse> storeViewResponse = requestFactory.getRestTemplate().exchange(createPartUrl.toString(), HttpMethod.GET, entity, APIResponse.class); //.getForObject(createLicenseUrl.toString(), APIResponse.class, entity);
    
            if(storeViewResponse.hasBody()) {
                response = storeViewResponse.getBody();
            }
            return new ResponseEntity<APIResponse>(response, HttpStatus.OK);
        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return new ResponseEntity<APIResponse>(response, HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
        }
        
    }
}

您试图实现的目标已经用一种更常见的方法完成了很长时间,这种方法不依赖于在GET中使用有效负载。

您可以简单地构建特定的搜索中介类型,或者如果您希望更具RESTful,可以使用类似OpenSearch的方法,并将请求POST到服务器指示的URI,例如/search。然后,服务器可以生成搜索结果或构建最终URI并使用303重定向。

这具有遵循传统PRG方法的优点,有助于缓存中介缓存结果等。

也就是说,URI无论如何都是针对非ASCII的任何内容进行编码的,application/x-www-form-urlencoded和multipart/form数据也是如此。如果您打算支持ReSTful场景,我建议使用此格式,而不是创建另一种自定义json格式。

哪个服务器会忽略它?–2012年8月30日21:27

例如,谷歌做得比忽视它更糟糕,它会认为这是一个错误!

用一个简单的netcat自己试试:

$ netcat www.google.com 80
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: www.google.com
Content-length: 6

1234

(1234内容后面是CR-LF,总共6个字节)

你会得到:

HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
Server: GFE/2.0
(....)
Error 400 (Bad Request)
400. That’s an error.
Your client has issued a malformed or illegal request. That’s all we know.

您还可以从Bing、Apple等获得400个Bad Request,这些请求由AkamaiGhost提供。

因此,我不建议对主体实体使用GET请求。

根据XMLHttpRequest,它无效。根据标准:

4.5.6 send()方法客户send([正文=空])启动请求。可选参数提供请求身体如果请求方法是GET或HEAD,则忽略该参数。如果任一状态都不是,则引发InvalidStateError异常打开或设置send()标志。send(body)方法必须运行以下步骤:如果状态未打开,则引发InvalidStateError异常。如果设置了send()标志,则引发InvalidStateError异常。如果请求方法是GET或HEAD,请将body设置为null。如果body为空,则转到下一步。

虽然,我认为这不应该,因为GET请求可能需要大量的正文内容。

因此,如果您依赖浏览器的XMLHttpRequest,它很可能无法工作。