我想创建一个日期列表,从今天开始,追溯到任意天数,例如,在我的示例中是100天。还有比这更好的办法吗?

import datetime

a = datetime.datetime.today()
numdays = 100
dateList = []
for x in range (0, numdays):
    dateList.append(a - datetime.timedelta(days = x))
print dateList

当前回答

下面是一个稍微不同的答案,基于S.Lott的答案,给出了两个日期开始和结束之间的日期列表。在下面的例子中,从2017年初到今天。

start = datetime.datetime(2017,1,1)
end = datetime.datetime.today()
daterange = [start + datetime.timedelta(days=x) for x in range(0, (end-start).days)]

其他回答

稍微更好……

base = datetime.datetime.today()
date_list = [base - datetime.timedelta(days=x) for x in range(numdays)]

如果有两个日期,你需要范围试试

from dateutil import rrule, parser
date1 = '1995-01-01'
date2 = '1995-02-28'
datesx = list(rrule.rrule(rrule.DAILY, dtstart=parser.parse(date1), until=parser.parse(date2)))

一个泛型方法,允许在参数化窗口大小(天,分钟,小时,秒)上创建日期范围:

from datetime import datetime, timedelta

def create_date_ranges(start, end, **interval):
    start_ = start
    while start_ < end:
        end_ = start_ + timedelta(**interval)
        yield (start_, min(end_, end))
        start_ = end_

测试:

def main():
    tests = [
        ('2021-11-15:00:00:00', '2021-11-17:13:00:00', {'days': 1}),
        ('2021-11-15:00:00:00', '2021-11-16:13:00:00', {'hours': 12}),
        ('2021-11-15:00:00:00', '2021-11-15:01:45:00', {'minutes': 30}),
        ('2021-11-15:00:00:00', '2021-11-15:00:01:12', {'seconds': 30})
    ]
    for t in tests:
        print("\nInterval: %s, range(%s to %s)" % (t[2], t[0], t[1]))
        start = datetime.strptime(t[0], '%Y-%m-%d:%H:%M:%S')
        end =  datetime.strptime(t[1], '%Y-%m-%d:%H:%M:%S')
        ranges = list(create_date_ranges(start, end, **t[2]))        
        x = list(map(
            lambda x: (x[0].strftime('%Y-%m-%d:%H:%M:%S'), x[1].strftime('%Y-%m-%d:%H:%M:%S')),
            ranges
        ))
        print(x)
main()

测试输出:

Interval: {'days': 1}, range(2021-11-15:00:00:00 to 2021-11-17:13:00:00)
[('2021-11-15:00:00:00', '2021-11-16:00:00:00'), ('2021-11-16:00:00:00', '2021-11-17:00:00:00'), ('2021-11-17:00:00:00', '2021-11-17:13:00:00')]

Interval: {'hours': 12}, range(2021-11-15:00:00:00 to 2021-11-16:13:00:00)
[('2021-11-15:00:00:00', '2021-11-15:12:00:00'), ('2021-11-15:12:00:00', '2021-11-16:00:00:00'), ('2021-11-16:00:00:00', '2021-11-16:12:00:00'), ('2021-11-16:12:00:00', '2021-11-16:13:00:00')]

Interval: {'minutes': 30}, range(2021-11-15:00:00:00 to 2021-11-15:01:45:00)
[('2021-11-15:00:00:00', '2021-11-15:00:30:00'), ('2021-11-15:00:30:00', '2021-11-15:01:00:00'), ('2021-11-15:01:00:00', '2021-11-15:01:30:00'), ('2021-11-15:01:30:00', '2021-11-15:01:45:00')]

Interval: {'seconds': 30}, range(2021-11-15:00:00:00 to 2021-11-15:00:01:12)
[('2021-11-15:00:00:00', '2021-11-15:00:00:30'), ('2021-11-15:00:00:30', '2021-11-15:00:01:00'), ('2021-11-15:00:01:00', '2021-11-15:00:01:12')]

Matplotlib相关

from matplotlib.dates import drange
import datetime

base = datetime.date.today()
end  = base + datetime.timedelta(days=100)
delta = datetime.timedelta(days=1)
l = drange(base, end, delta)

下面是bash脚本获得工作日列表的一行代码,这是python 3。很容易修改为任何东西,末尾的int是你想要的过去的天数。

python -c "import sys,datetime; print('\n'.join([(datetime.datetime.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=x)).strftime(\"%Y/%m/%d\") for x in range(0,int(sys.argv[1])) if (datetime.datetime.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=x)).isoweekday()<6]))" 10

这里是提供开始(或者确切地说,结束)日期的变体

python -c "import sys,datetime; print('\n'.join([(datetime.datetime.strptime(sys.argv[1],\"%Y/%m/%d\") - datetime.timedelta(days=x)).strftime(\"%Y/%m/%d \") for x in range(0,int(sys.argv[2])) if (datetime.datetime.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=x)).isoweekday()<6]))" 2015/12/30 10

这里是任意开始和结束日期的变体。并不是说这不是非常有效,而是在bash脚本中放入for循环很好:

python -c "import sys,datetime; print('\n'.join([(datetime.datetime.strptime(sys.argv[1],\"%Y/%m/%d\") + datetime.timedelta(days=x)).strftime(\"%Y/%m/%d\") for x in range(0,int((datetime.datetime.strptime(sys.argv[2], \"%Y/%m/%d\") - datetime.datetime.strptime(sys.argv[1], \"%Y/%m/%d\")).days)) if (datetime.datetime.strptime(sys.argv[1], \"%Y/%m/%d\") + datetime.timedelta(days=x)).isoweekday()<6]))" 2015/12/15 2015/12/30