下面是我用来管理数据库中列添加的简单脚本：

IF NOT EXISTS (
        SELECT *
        FROM sys.Columns
        WHERE Name = N'QbId'
            AND Object_Id = Object_Id(N'Driver')
        )
BEGIN
    ALTER TABLE Driver ADD QbId NVARCHAR(20) NULL
END
ELSE
BEGIN
    PRINT 'QbId is already added on Driver'
END

在此示例中，Name是要添加的ColumnName，Object_Id是TableName

select distinct object_name(sc.id)
from syscolumns sc,sysobjects so  
where sc.name like '%col_name%' and so.type='U'

declare @myColumn   as nvarchar(128)
set @myColumn = 'myColumn'
if not exists (
    select  1
    from    information_schema.columns columns 
    where   columns.table_catalog   = 'myDatabase'
        and columns.table_schema    = 'mySchema' 
        and columns.table_name      = 'myTable' 
        and columns.column_name     = @myColumn
    )
begin
    exec('alter table myDatabase.mySchema.myTable add'
    +'    ['+@myColumn+'] bigint       null')
end

对于那些在删除列之前检查列是否存在的人。

从SQL Server 2016中，您可以使用新的DIE（Drop If Exists）语句，而不是大的If包装器

ALTER TABLE Table_name DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS Column_name

接受答案的临时表格版本：

if (exists(select 1
           from tempdb.sys.columns
           where Name = 'columnName'
                 and Object_ID = object_id('tempdb..#tableName')))
begin
...
end

调整以下内容以满足您的具体要求：

if not exists (select
                     column_name
               from
                     INFORMATION_SCHEMA.columns
               where
                     table_name = 'MyTable'
                     and column_name = 'MyColumn')
    alter table MyTable add MyColumn int

这应该会奏效——仔细检查代码，找出愚蠢的错误；例如，您是否在应用插入的同一数据库上查询INFORMATION_SCHEMA？在这两个语句中，您的表/列名是否有拼写错误？