终于想出了最好的办法

String to = "test@gmail.com";
String subject= "Hi I am subject";
String body="Hi I am test body";
String mailTo = "mailto:" + to +
        "?&subject=" + Uri.encode(subject) +
        "&body=" + Uri.encode(body);
Intent emailIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
emailIntent.setData(Uri.parse(mailTo));
startActivity(emailIntent);

只发送到电子邮件客户端-与多个附件

有很多解决方案，但都是局部有效的。

Mailto可以正确地过滤电子邮件应用程序，但它不能不发送流/文件。

Message /rfc822打开了大量的应用程序和电子邮件客户端

所以，这个问题的解决方法是两者都用。

首先使用mailto意图解析意图活动 然后将数据设置为每个已解析的活动以发送所需的数据

private void share()
{
     Intent queryIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, Uri.parse("mailto:"));
     Intent dataIntent  = getDataIntent();

     Intent targetIntent = getSelectiveIntentChooser(context, queryIntent, dataIntent);
     startActivityForResult(targetIntent);
}

构建所需的数据意图，其中填充需要共享的数据

private Intent getDataIntent()
{
        Intent dataIntent = buildIntent(Intent.ACTION_SEND, null, "message/rfc822", null);

        // Set subject
        dataIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, title);

        //Set receipient list.
        dataIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, toRecipients);
        dataIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, ccRecipients);
        dataIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_BCC, bccRecipients);
        if (hasAttachments())
        {
            ArrayList<Uri> uris = getAttachmentUriList();

            if (uris.size() > 1)
            {
                intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND_MULTIPLE);
                dataIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uris);
            }
            else
            {
                dataIntent.putParcelableArrayListExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uris.get(0));
            }
        }

        return dataIntent;
}

protected ArrayList<Uri> getAttachmentUriList()
{
        ArrayList<Uri> uris = new ArrayList();
        for (AttachmentInfo eachAttachment : attachments)
        {
            uris.add(eachAttachment.uri);
        }

        return uris;
}

用于根据查询意图过滤所需意图的实用程序类

// Placed in IntentUtil.java
public static Intent getSelectiveIntentChooser(Context context, Intent queryIntent, Intent dataIntent)
{
        List<ResolveInfo> appList = context.getPackageManager().queryIntentActivities(queryIntent, PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY);

        Intent finalIntent = null;

        if (!appList.isEmpty())
        {
            List<android.content.Intent> targetedIntents = new ArrayList<android.content.Intent>();

            for (ResolveInfo resolveInfo : appList)
            {
                String packageName = resolveInfo.activityInfo != null ? resolveInfo.activityInfo.packageName : null;

                Intent allowedIntent = new Intent(dataIntent);
                allowedIntent.setComponent(new ComponentName(packageName, resolveInfo.activityInfo.name));
                allowedIntent.setPackage(packageName);

                targetedIntents.add(allowedIntent);
            }

            if (!targetedIntents.isEmpty())
            {
                //Share Intent
                Intent startIntent = targetedIntents.remove(0);

                Intent chooserIntent = android.content.Intent.createChooser(startIntent, "");
                chooserIntent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_INITIAL_INTENTS, targetedIntents.toArray(new Parcelable[]{}));
                chooserIntent.addFlags(android.content.Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);

                finalIntent = chooserIntent;
            }

        }

        if (finalIntent == null) //As a fallback, we are using the sent data intent
        {
            finalIntent = dataIntent;
        }

        return finalIntent;
}

科特林：

val email: String = getEmail()
val intent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO)
intent.data = Uri.parse("mailto:$email" )
startActivity(intent)

如果你想确保你的意图只被电子邮件应用程序处理(而不是其他短信或社交应用程序)，那么使用ACTION_SENDTO动作并包括“mailto:”数据方案。例如:

public void composeEmail(String[] addresses, String subject) {
    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
    intent.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:")); // only email apps should handle this
    intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, addresses);
    intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);
    if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
        startActivity(intent);
    }
}

我在https://developer.android.com/guide/components/intents-common.html#Email上找到了这个

我几乎在android 11上使用了所有的答案，但它们不能正常工作。其中一些没有将mailto放在所需的字段上，另一些甚至根本不起作用。所以我确实阅读了新的文档，发现mailto电子邮件应该在一个数组中，所以对我有用的最后是在这里。 不管怎样，谢谢你的回答，毕竟他们帮了大忙。

//mail me
findViewById<TextView>(R.id.mailme).setOnTouchListener { _, _ ->
    try {
        val mail: Array<String> = arrayOf("somemail@cc.com")
        val mailme = Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO).apply {
            data = Uri.parse("mailto:")
            putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, mail)
            putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Hey We Need Your Help With This Issue.")
            putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "At Logs Calculator, We Need Your Help !")
        }
        startActivity(mailme)
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        e.printStackTrace()
    }
    true
}

ACTION_VIEW也有一个简单的解决方案:

  Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        Uri data = Uri.parse("mailto:customer@something.com?subject=Feedback");
        intent.setData(data);
        startActivity(intent);