如果您想要以Gmail为目标，那么您可以执行以下操作。注意，意图是“ACTION_SENDTO”而不是“ACTION_SEND”，额外的意图字段对于Gmail是不必要的。

String uriText =
    "mailto:youremail@gmail.com" + 
    "?subject=" + Uri.encode("your subject line here") + 
    "&body=" + Uri.encode("message body here");

Uri uri = Uri.parse(uriText);

Intent sendIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
sendIntent.setData(uri);
if (sendIntent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
   startActivity(Intent.createChooser(sendIntent, "Send message")); 
}

这些解决方案对我都不起作用。这里有一个对棒棒糖有效的最小解决方案。在我的设备上，只有Gmail和本地电子邮件应用程序出现在最终的选择器列表中。

Intent emailIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO,
                                Uri.parse("mailto:" + Uri.encode(address)));

emailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);
emailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, body);
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(emailIntent, "Send email via..."));

在电话邮件客户端撰写邮件:

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.setType("plain/text");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, new String[] { "some@email.address" });
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "subject");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "mail body");
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, ""));

适用于所有android版本:

String[] to = {"email@server.com"};
Uri uri = Uri.parse("mailto:email@server.com")
  .buildUpon()
  .appendQueryParameter("subject", "subject")
  .appendQueryParameter("body", "body")
  .build();
Intent emailIntent = new Intent(ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
emailIntent.putExtra(EXTRA_EMAIL, TO);
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(emailIntent, "Send mail..."));

更新到Android 10，现在使用Kotlin…

fun Context.sendEmail(
  address: String?,
  subject: String?,
  body: String?,
) {
  val recipients = arrayOf(address)
  val uri = address.toUri()
    .buildUpon()
    .appendQueryParameter("subject", subject)
    .appendQueryParameter("body", body)
    .build()
  val emailIntent = Intent(ACTION_SENDTO, uri).apply {
    setData("mailto:$address".toUri());
    putExtra(EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);
    putExtra(EXTRA_TEXT, body);
    putExtra(EXTRA_EMAIL, recipients)
  }
  val pickerTitle = getString(R.string.some_title)
  ContextCompat.startActivity(this, Intent.createChooser(emailIntent, pickerTitle, null)
}

.．.在更新到API 30之后，代码没有填充电子邮件客户端的主题和主体(例如Gmail)。但我在这里找到了答案:

fun Context.sendEmail(
  address: String?,
  subject: String?,
  body: String?,
) {
  val selectorIntent = Intent(ACTION_SENDTO)
    .setData("mailto:$address".toUri())
  val emailIntent = Intent(ACTION_SEND).apply {
    putExtra(EXTRA_EMAIL, arrayOf(address))
    putExtra(EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject)
    putExtra(EXTRA_TEXT, body)
    selector = selectorIntent
  }
  startActivity(Intent.createChooser(emailIntent, getString(R.string.send_email))) 

}

我几乎在android 11上使用了所有的答案，但它们不能正常工作。其中一些没有将mailto放在所需的字段上，另一些甚至根本不起作用。所以我确实阅读了新的文档，发现mailto电子邮件应该在一个数组中，所以对我有用的最后是在这里。 不管怎样，谢谢你的回答，毕竟他们帮了大忙。

//mail me
findViewById<TextView>(R.id.mailme).setOnTouchListener { _, _ ->
    try {
        val mail: Array<String> = arrayOf("somemail@cc.com")
        val mailme = Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO).apply {
            data = Uri.parse("mailto:")
            putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, mail)
            putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "Hey We Need Your Help With This Issue.")
            putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "At Logs Calculator, We Need Your Help !")
        }
        startActivity(mailme)
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        e.printStackTrace()
    }
    true
}

与Kotlin，工作与Gmail:

val i = Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO).apply {
    type = "text/html"
    data = Uri.parse("mailto:")
    putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, arrayOf(email))
    putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject)
    putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TITLE, subject)
}
if (packageManager != null && i.resolveActivity(packageManager) != null) {
    startActivity(i)
}

如果有人找到一个解决方案来显示消息…