如何在SQL SELECT语句中执行IF…THEN?
例如:
SELECT IF(Obsolete = 'N' OR InStock = 'Y' ? 1 : 0) AS Saleable, * FROM Product
如何在SQL SELECT语句中执行IF…THEN?
例如:
SELECT IF(Obsolete = 'N' OR InStock = 'Y' ? 1 : 0) AS Saleable, * FROM Product
当前回答
对于使用SQL Server 2012的用户来说,IIF是一个已添加的功能,可以作为Case语句的替代。
SELECT IIF(Obsolete = 'N' OR InStock = 'Y', 1, 0) AS Salable, *
FROM Product
其他回答
作为CASE语句的替代解决方案,可以使用表驱动方法:
DECLARE @Product TABLE (ID INT, Obsolete VARCHAR(10), InStock VARCHAR(10))
INSERT INTO @Product VALUES
(1,'N','Y'),
(2,'A','B'),
(3,'N','B'),
(4,'A','Y')
SELECT P.* , ISNULL(Stmt.Saleable,0) Saleable
FROM
@Product P
LEFT JOIN
( VALUES
( 'N', 'Y', 1 )
) Stmt (Obsolete, InStock, Saleable)
ON P.InStock = Stmt.InStock OR P.Obsolete = Stmt.Obsolete
结果:
ID Obsolete InStock Saleable
----------- ---------- ---------- -----------
1 N Y 1
2 A B 0
3 N B 1
4 A Y 1
为了完整起见,我想补充一点,SQL使用三值逻辑。表达式:
obsolete = 'N' OR instock = 'Y'
可能产生三种不同的结果:
| obsolete | instock | saleable |
|----------|---------|----------|
| Y | Y | true |
| Y | N | false |
| Y | null | null |
| N | Y | true |
| N | N | true |
| N | null | true |
| null | Y | true |
| null | N | null |
| null | null | null |
例如,如果一个产品已经过时,但你不知道产品是否库存,那么你不知道该产品是否可销售。您可以按如下方式编写此三值逻辑:
SELECT CASE
WHEN obsolete = 'N' OR instock = 'Y' THEN 'true'
WHEN NOT (obsolete = 'N' OR instock = 'Y') THEN 'false'
ELSE NULL
END AS saleable
一旦确定了它的工作原理,就可以通过决定null的行为将三个结果转换为两个结果。例如,这会将null视为不可销售:
SELECT CASE
WHEN obsolete = 'N' OR instock = 'Y' THEN 'true'
ELSE 'false' -- either false or null
END AS saleable
有多种情况。
SELECT
(CASE
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1001' THEN 'DM'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1002' THEN 'GS'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1003' THEN 'MB'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1004' THEN 'MP'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1005' THEN 'PL'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1008' THEN 'DM-27'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1011' THEN 'PB'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1012' THEN 'UT-2'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1013' THEN 'JGC'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1014' THEN 'SB'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1015' THEN 'IR'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1016' THEN 'UT-3'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1017' THEN 'UT-4'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1019' THEN 'KR'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1020' THEN 'SYB-SB'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1021' THEN 'GR'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1022' THEN 'SYB-KP'
WHEN RIGHT((LEFT(POSID,5)),4) LIKE '1026' THEN 'BNS'
ELSE ''
END) AS OUTLET
FROM matrixcrm.Transact
使用CASE语句:
SELECT CASE
WHEN (Obsolete = 'N' OR InStock = 'Y')
THEN 'Y'
ELSE 'N'
END as Available
etc...
你可以在SQL CASE语句的威力中找到一些很好的例子,我认为你可以使用的语句应该是这样的(来自4guysfromrolla):
SELECT
FirstName, LastName,
Salary, DOB,
CASE Gender
WHEN 'M' THEN 'Male'
WHEN 'F' THEN 'Female'
END
FROM Employees