只需要在最后加上出现的次数:

sed s/#include/#include "newfile.h"\n#include/1

一个可能的解决方案:

    /#include/!{p;d;}
    i\
    #include "newfile.h"
    :a
    n
    ba

解释:

读取行，直到找到#include，打印这些行，然后开始新的循环 插入新的包含行 输入一个只读取行(默认情况下sed也会打印这些行)的循环，我们不会从这里回到脚本的第一部分

 # sed script to change "foo" to "bar" only on the first occurrence
 1{x;s/^/first/;x;}
 1,/foo/{x;/first/s///;x;s/foo/bar/;}
 #---end of script---

或者，如果你喜欢:编辑注:只适用于GNU sed。

sed '0,/foo/s//bar/' file 

源

sed '0,/pattern/s/pattern/replacement/' filename

这对我很管用。

例子

sed '0,/<Menu>/s/<Menu>/<Menu><Menu>Sub menu<\/Menu>/' try.txt > abc.txt

编者注:两者都只适用于GNU sed。

我将提出一个建议，这并不完全是最初的问题所要求的，但对于那些还想特别替换匹配的第二次出现，或任何其他特别枚举的正则表达式匹配的人来说。使用python脚本和for循环，如果需要从bash脚本调用它。这是它看起来像我，在我替换特定行包含字符串-项目:

def replace_models(file_path, pixel_model, obj_model):
    # find your file --project matches
    pattern = re.compile(r'--project.*')
    new_file = ""
    with open(file_path, 'r') as f:
        match = 1
        for line in f:
            # Remove line ending before we do replacement
            line = line.strip()
            # replace first --project line match with pixel
            if match == 1:
                result = re.sub(pattern, "--project='" + pixel_model + "'", line)
            # replace second --project line match with object
            elif match == 2:
                result = re.sub(pattern, "--project='" + obj_model + "'", line)
            else:
                result = line
            # Check that a substitution was actually made
            if result is not line:
                # Add a backslash to the replaced line
                result += " \\"
                print("\nReplaced ", line, " with ", result)
                # Increment number of matches found
                match += 1
            # Add the potentially modified line to our new file
            new_file = new_file + result + "\n"
        # close file / save output
        f.close()
    fout = open(file_path, "w")
    fout.write(new_file)
    fout.close()

POSIXly(在sed中也有效)，只使用一个正则表达式，只需要一行内存(和往常一样):

sed '/\(#include\).*/!b;//{h;s//\1 "newfile.h"/;G};:1;n;b1'

解释道:

sed '
/\(#include\).*/!b          # Only one regex used. On lines not matching
                            # the text  `#include` **yet**,
                            # branch to end, cause the default print. Re-start.
//{                         # On first line matching previous regex.
    h                       # hold the line.
    s//\1 "newfile.h"/      # append ` "newfile.h"` to the `#include` matched.
    G                       # append a newline.
  }                         # end of replacement.
:1                          # Once **one** replacement got done (the first match)
n                           # Loop continually reading a line each time
b1                          # and printing it by default.
'                           # end of sed script.