我有一个包含多对一关系的jpa持久化对象模型:一个Account有多个transaction。一个事务有一个帐户。
下面是一段代码:
@Entity
public class Transaction {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private Long id;
@ManyToOne(cascade = {CascadeType.ALL},fetch= FetchType.EAGER)
private Account fromAccount;
....
@Entity
public class Account {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private Long id;
@OneToMany(cascade = {CascadeType.ALL},fetch= FetchType.EAGER, mappedBy = "fromAccount")
private Set<Transaction> transactions;
我能够创建Account对象,向其添加事务,并正确地持久化Account对象。但是,当我创建一个事务,使用现有的已经持久化的帐户,并持久化的事务,我得到一个异常:
导致:org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException:传递给persist: com.paulsanwald.Account的分离实体
org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist (DefaultPersistEventListener.java: 141)
因此,我能够持久化一个包含事务的Account,但不能持久化一个具有Account的Transaction。我认为这是因为帐户可能没有附加,但这段代码仍然给了我相同的异常:
if (account.getId()!=null) {
account = entityManager.merge(account);
}
Transaction transaction = new Transaction(account,"other stuff");
// the below fails with a "detached entity" message. why?
entityManager.persist(transaction);
如何正确地保存与已经持久化的帐户对象相关联的事务?
使用合并是有风险和棘手的,所以在您的情况下,这是一种肮脏的变通方法。您至少需要记住,当您将一个实体对象传递给merge时,它将停止附加到事务,而是返回一个新的、现在已附加的实体。这意味着如果任何人仍然拥有旧的实体对象,那么对它的更改将被无声地忽略并在提交时丢弃。
You are not showing the complete code here, so I cannot double-check your transaction pattern. One way to get to a situation like this is if you don't have a transaction active when executing the merge and persist. In that case persistence provider is expected to open a new transaction for every JPA operation you perform and immediately commit and close it before the call returns. If this is the case, the merge would be run in a first transaction and then after the merge method returns, the transaction is completed and closed and the returned entity is now detached. The persist below it would then open a second transaction, and trying to refer to an entity that is detached, giving an exception. Always wrap your code inside a transaction unless you know very well what you are doing.
使用容器管理的事务,它看起来像这样。注意:这假设方法在会话bean中,并通过本地或远程接口调用。
@TransactionAttribute(TransactionAttributeType.REQUIRED)
public void storeAccount(Account account) {
...
if (account.getId()!=null) {
account = entityManager.merge(account);
}
Transaction transaction = new Transaction(account,"other stuff");
entityManager.persist(account);
}
从子实体Transaction中移除级联,它应该是:
@Entity class Transaction {
@ManyToOne // no cascading here!
private Account account;
}
(FetchType。EAGER可以被删除,它是默认的@ManyToOne)
这是所有!
为什么?通过在子实体Transaction上说“cascade ALL”,你要求每个DB操作都被传播到父实体Account。如果执行持久化(事务),也会调用持久化(帐户)。
但是只有暂时的(新的)实体可以被传递给持久化实体(在本例中是事务)。分离的(或其他非瞬态)可能不会(在本例中是Account,因为它已经在DB中)。
因此,您会得到异常“传递给持久化的分离实体”。Account实体的意思是!而不是调用持久化的事务。
一般来说,你不希望从子繁殖到父。不幸的是,在书中(甚至是很好的书)和网上有许多代码示例,它们正是这样做的。我不知道,为什么……也许有时只是一遍又一遍地复制,没有多想……
猜猜如果你调用remove(transaction)在@ManyToOne中仍然有“级联ALL”会发生什么?帐户(顺便说一下,所有其他交易!)也将从数据库中删除。但这不是你的本意,对吧?