我有一个基本的Node.js应用程序,我试图使用Express框架启动。我有一个views文件夹,其中有一个index.html文件。但是我在加载网页时收到以下错误:

Error: Cannot find module 'html'

下面是我的代码。

var express = require('express');
var app = express.createServer();

app.use(express.staticProvider(__dirname + '/public'));

app.get('/', function(req, res) {
    res.render('index.html');
});

app.listen(8080, '127.0.0.1')

我错过了什么?


当前回答

如果你试图提供一个HTML文件,其中已经有它所有的内容在里面,那么它不需要被“渲染”,它只需要被“服务”。呈现是指在页面发送到浏览器之前让服务器更新或注入内容,并且它需要额外的依赖项,如ejs,如其他答案所示。

如果你只是想让浏览器根据他们的请求指向一个文件,你应该像这样使用res.sendFile():

const express = require('express');
const app = express();
var port = process.env.PORT || 3000; //Whichever port you want to run on
app.use(express.static('./folder_with_html')); //This ensures local references to cs and js files work

app.get('/', (req, res) => {
  res.sendFile(__dirname + '/folder_with_html/index.html');
});

app.listen(port, () => console.log("lifted app; listening on port " + port));

这样,除了express,您就不需要其他依赖项了。如果你只是想让服务器发送你已经创建的html文件,上面是一种非常轻量级的方式。

其他回答

我想允许对“/”的请求由Express路由处理,而以前它们是由静态中间件处理的。这将允许我渲染index.html的常规版本或加载连接+最小化JS和CSS的版本,这取决于应用程序设置。受到Andrew Homeyer回答的启发,我决定将我的HTML文件(未修改)拖到views文件夹中,并像这样配置Express

   app.engine('html', swig.renderFile);
   app.set('view engine', 'html');
   app.set('views', __dirname + '/views');  

创建了一个这样的路由处理器

 app.route('/')
        .get(function(req, res){
            if(config.useConcatendatedFiles){
                return res.render('index-dist');
            }
            res.render('index');       
        });

结果很好。

来自Express.js指南:视图渲染

视图文件名采用Express形式。ENGINE,其中ENGINE是所需模块的名称。例如视图布局。Ejs会告诉视图系统require(' Ejs '),被加载的模块必须导出方法exports。render(str, options)来遵守Express,但是app.register()可以用来将引擎映射到文件扩展名,因此,例如foo.html可以由jade渲染。

所以你要么创建自己的简单渲染器,要么使用jade:

 app.register('.html', require('jade'));

更多关于app.register的信息。

注意,在Express 3中,这个方法被重命名为app.engine

在server.js中,请包含

var express = require("express");
var app     = express();
var path    = require("path");


app.get('/',function(req,res){
  res.sendFile(path.join(__dirname+'/index.html'));
  //__dirname : It will resolve to your project folder.
});

It is very sad that it is about 2020 still express hasn't added a way to render an HTML page without using sendFile method of the response object. Using sendFile is not a problem but passing argument to it in the form of path.join(__dirname, 'relative/path/to/file') doesn't feel right. Why should a user join __dirname to the file path? It should be done by default. Why can't the root of the server be by defalut the project directory? Also, installing a templating dependency just to render a static HTML file is again not correct. I don't know the correct way to tackle the issue, but if I had to serve a static HTML, then I would do something like:

const PORT = 8154;

const express = require('express');
const app = express();

app.use(express.static('views'));

app.listen(PORT, () => {
    console.log(`Server is listening at port http://localhost:${PORT}`);
});

The above example assumes that the project structure has a views directory and the static HTML files are inside it. For example, let's say, the views directory has two HTML files named index.html and about.html, then to access them, we can visit: localhost:8153/index.html or just localhost:8153/ to load the index.html page and localhost:8153/about.html to load the about.html. We can use a similar approach to serve a react/angular app by storing the artifacts in the views directory or just using the default dist/<project-name> directory and configure it in the server js as follows:

app.use(express.static('dist/<project-name>'));

如果你使用express@~3.0.0修改下面的代码行:

app.use(express.staticProvider(__dirname + '/public'));

就像这样:

app.set("view options", {layout: false});
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public'));

我做了它的描述在express api页面,它的工作就像魅力。有了这样的设置,你就不需要编写额外的代码,所以它很容易用于你的微产品或测试。

完整代码如下所示:

var express = require('express');
var app = express.createServer();

app.set("view options", {layout: false});
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/public'));

app.get('/', function(req, res) {
    res.render('index.html');
});

app.listen(8080, '127.0.0.1')