附件是基于以下的Swift解决方案:

在info.plist中定义位置更新的App寄存器

保持locationManager一直运行

在BestForNavigation和threekm之间切换kCLLocationAccuracy(5秒获得位置)，以避免电池耗尽

这个例子在前台每1分钟更新一次位置，在后台每15分钟更新一次位置。

这个例子适用于运行在iOS 7设备上的Xcode 6 Beta 6。

在App委托中(mapView是一个指向mapView控制器的可选选项)

func applicationDidBecomeActive(application: UIApplication!) {
    if appLaunched! == false { // Reference to mapView used to limit one location update per timer cycle
        appLaunched = true
        var appDelegate = UIApplication.sharedApplication().delegate as AppDelegate
        var window = appDelegate.window
        var tabBar = window?.rootViewController as UITabBarController
        var navCon = tabBar.viewControllers[0] as UINavigationController
        mapView = navCon.topViewController as? MapViewController
    }
    self.startInitialPeriodWithTimeInterval(60.0)
}

func applicationDidEnterBackground(application: UIApplication!) {
    self.startInitialPeriodWithTimeInterval(15 * 60.0)
}

func startInitialPeriodWithTimeInterval(timeInterval: NSTimeInterval) {
    timer?.invalidate() // reset timer
    locationManager?.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBestForNavigation
    timer = NSTimer.scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval(5.0, target: self, selector: Selector("getFirstLocationUpdate:"), userInfo: timeInterval, repeats: false)
}

func getFirstLocationUpdate(sender: NSTimer) {
    let timeInterval = sender.userInfo as Double
    timer?.invalidate()
    mapView?.canReportLocation = true
    timer = NSTimer.scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval(timeInterval, target: self, selector: Selector("waitForTimer:"), userInfo: timeInterval, repeats: true)
}

func waitForTimer(sender: NSTimer) {
    let time = sender.userInfo as Double
    locationManager?.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBestForNavigation
    finalTimer = NSTimer.scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval(5.0, target: self, selector: Selector("getLocationUpdate"), userInfo: nil, repeats: false)
}

func getLocationUpdate() {
    finalTimer?.invalidate()
    mapView?.canReportLocation = true
}

在mapView中(locationManager指向AppDelegate中的对象)

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    var appDelegate = UIApplication.sharedApplication().delegate! as AppDelegate
    locationManager = appDelegate.locationManager!
    locationManager.delegate = self
    canReportLocation = true
}

  func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager!, didUpdateLocations locations: [AnyObject]!) {
        if canReportLocation! {
            canReportLocation = false
            locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyThreeKilometers
        } else {
            //println("Ignore location update")
        }
    }

在苹果开发者论坛的帮助下，我找到了一个解决方案:

指定位置背景模式 在后台用UIApplication:beginBackgroundTaskWithExpirationHandler创建一个NSTimer: 当n小于UIApplication: backgroundtimerremain时，它会正常工作。当n较大时，应该在没有剩余时间之前再次启用(并禁用)位置管理器，以避免后台任务被终止。

这是因为位置是三种允许的后台执行类型之一。

注意:我在模拟器中测试了一些时间，在那里它不起作用。不过，它在我的手机上运行得很好。

我使用了xs2bush获取间隔的方法(使用timeIntervalSinceDate)，并对其进行了一点扩展。我想确保我得到了我所需要的精度，同时我也没有因为保持gps收音机开得太久而耗尽电池。

我保持位置运行持续与以下设置:

locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyThreeKilometers;
locationManager.distanceFilter = 5;

这是一个相对低的电池消耗。当我准备好获得下一个周期性位置读数时，我首先检查位置是否在我期望的精度范围内，如果是，然后使用该位置。如果不是，那么我用这个来提高准确性:

locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyNearestTenMeters;
locationManager.distanceFilter = 0;

get my location and then once I have the location I turn the accuracy back down again to minimize the drain on the battery. I have written a full working sample of this and also I have written the source for the server side code to collect the location data, store it to a database and allow users to view gps data in real time or retrieve and view previously stored routes. I have clients for iOS, android, windows phone and java me. All clients are natively written and they all work properly in the background. The project is MIT licensed.

iOS项目的目标是iOS 6，使用iOS 7的基础SDK。你可以在这里得到代码。

如果你看到任何问题，请在github上提交一个问题。谢谢。

I did this in an application I'm developing. The timers don't work when the app is in the background but the app is constantly receiving the location updates. I read somewhere in the documentation (i can't seem to find it now, i'll post an update when i do) that a method can be called only on an active run loop when the app is in the background. The app delegate has an active run loop even in the bg so you dont need to create your own to make this work. [Im not sure if this is the correct explanation but thats how I understood from what i read]

首先，在应用的info.plist中添加关键UIBackgroundModes的location对象。现在，你需要做的是启动位置更新在你的应用程序的任何地方:

    CLLocationManager locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
    locationManager.delegate = self;//or whatever class you have for managing location
    [locationManager startUpdatingLocation];

Next, write a method to handle the location updates, say -(void)didUpdateToLocation:(CLLocation*)location, in the app delegate. Then implement the method locationManager:didUpdateLocation:fromLocation of CLLocationManagerDelegate in the class in which you started the location manager (since we set the location manager delegate to 'self'). Inside this method you need to check if the time interval after which you have to handle the location updates has elapsed. You can do this by saving the current time every time. If that time has elapsed, call the method UpdateLocation from your app delegate:

NSDate *newLocationTimestamp = newLocation.timestamp;
NSDate *lastLocationUpdateTiemstamp;

int locationUpdateInterval = 300;//5 mins

NSUserDefaults *userDefaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
if (userDefaults) {

        lastLocationUpdateTiemstamp = [userDefaults objectForKey:kLastLocationUpdateTimestamp];

        if (!([newLocationTimestamp timeIntervalSinceDate:lastLocationUpdateTiemstamp] < locationUpdateInterval)) {
            //NSLog(@"New Location: %@", newLocation);
            [(AppDelegate*)[UIApplication sharedApplication].delegate didUpdateToLocation:newLocation];
            [userDefaults setObject:newLocationTimestamp forKey:kLastLocationUpdateTimestamp];
        }
    }
}

这将每5分钟调用你的方法，即使你的应用程序是在后台。 Imp:这个实现耗尽电池，如果你的位置数据的准确性不是关键，你应该使用[locationManager startMonitoringSignificantLocationChanges]

在将此添加到应用程序之前，请阅读位置感知编程指南

在iOS 9和watchOS 2.0中，CLLocationManager上有一个新方法，可以让你请求当前位置:CLLocationManager:requestLocation()。这立即完成，然后将位置返回给CLLocationManager委托。

你现在可以使用NSTimer每分钟用这个方法请求一个位置，而不必使用startUpdatingLocation和stopUpdatingLocation方法。

然而，如果你想要根据上次位置X米的变化来捕获位置，只需要设置CLLocationManger的distanceFilter属性并调用startUpdatingLocation()。

似乎stopUpdatingLocation是什么触发后台看门狗定时器，所以我在didUpdateLocation替换它:

     [self.locationManager setDesiredAccuracy:kCLLocationAccuracyThreeKilometers];
     [self.locationManager setDistanceFilter:99999];

这似乎有效地关闭了GPS。然后，背景NSTimer的选择器变成:

- (void) changeAccuracy {
[self.locationManager setDesiredAccuracy:kCLLocationAccuracyBest];
[self.locationManager setDistanceFilter:kCLDistanceFilterNone];
}

我所做的是每隔几分钟定期切换精度以获得高精度坐标，因为locationManager没有停止，backgroundtimerremain保持在其最大值。这将我的设备上的电池消耗从每小时~10%(在后台使用恒定的kCLLocationAccuracyBest)降低到每小时~2%