我有一个实用工具方法，返回一个字符串与stacktrace:

static String getStackTrace(Throwable t) {
    StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
    PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw, true);
    t.printStackTrace(pw);
    pw.flush();
    sw.flush();
    return sw.toString();
}

然后就像这样…

... 
catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
    logger.config(getStackTrace(e));
}

在android上，一个更简单的方法是使用这个:

import android.util.Log;
String stackTrace = Log.getStackTraceString(exception); 

在Java 9中有一种新的方法:

public static void showTrace() {

  List<StackFrame> frames =
    StackWalker.getInstance( Option.RETAIN_CLASS_REFERENCE )
               .walk( stream  -> stream.collect( Collectors.toList() ) );

  for ( StackFrame stackFrame : frames )
    System.out.println( stackFrame );
}

Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace();

从JDK1.5开始可用。

对于旧版本，你可以重定向exception.printStackTrace()到StringWriter():

StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
new Throwable("").printStackTrace(new PrintWriter(sw));
String stackTrace = sw.toString();

加:

StackTraceElement[] ste = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace();

打印堆栈跟踪(JAVA 8+):

Arrays.asList(ste).forEach(System.out::println);

打印堆栈(java7):

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

for (StackTraceElement st : ste) {
    sb.append(st.toString() + System.lineSeparator());
}
System.out.println(sb);

for (StackTraceElement ste : Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()) {
    System.out.println(ste + "\n");
}