我必须结合以上文章中的几个想法，并添加文件锁定检查，让它为我工作:

FileSystemWatcher fileSystemWatcher;

private void DirectoryWatcher_Start()
{
    FileSystemWatcher fileSystemWatcher = new FileSystemWatcher
    {
        Path = @"c:\mypath",
        NotifyFilter = NotifyFilters.LastWrite,
        Filter = "*.*",
        EnableRaisingEvents = true
    };

    fileSystemWatcher.Changed += new FileSystemEventHandler(DirectoryWatcher_OnChanged);
}

private static void WaitUntilFileIsUnlocked(String fullPath, Action<String> callback, FileAccess fileAccess = FileAccess.Read, Int32 timeoutMS = 10000)
{
    Int32 waitMS = 250;
    Int32 currentMS = 0;
    FileInfo file = new FileInfo(fullPath);
    FileStream stream = null;
    do
    {
        try
        {
            stream = file.Open(FileMode.Open, fileAccess, FileShare.None);
            stream.Close();
            callback(fullPath);
            return;
        }
        catch (IOException)
        {
        }
        finally
        {
            if (stream != null)
                stream.Dispose();
        }
        Thread.Sleep(waitMS);
        currentMS += waitMS;
    } while (currentMS < timeoutMS);
}    

private static Dictionary<String, DateTime> DirectoryWatcher_fileLastWriteTimeCache = new Dictionary<String, DateTime>();

private void DirectoryWatcher_OnChanged(Object source, FileSystemEventArgs ev)
{
    try
    {
        lock (DirectoryWatcher_fileLastWriteTimeCache)
        {
            DateTime lastWriteTime = File.GetLastWriteTime(ev.FullPath);
            if (DirectoryWatcher_fileLastWriteTimeCache.ContainsKey(ev.FullPath))
            {
                if (DirectoryWatcher_fileLastWriteTimeCache[ev.FullPath].AddMilliseconds(500) >= lastWriteTime)
                    return;     // file was already handled
            }

            DirectoryWatcher_fileLastWriteTimeCache[ev.FullPath] = lastWriteTime;
        }

        Task.Run(() => WaitUntilFileIsUnlocked(ev.FullPath, fullPath =>
        {
            // do the job with fullPath...
        }));

    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {
        // handle exception
    }
}

以下是我的方法:

// Consider having a List<String> named _changedFiles

private void OnChanged(object source, FileSystemEventArgs e)
{
    lock (_changedFiles)
    {
        if (_changedFiles.Contains(e.FullPath))
        {
            return;
        }
        _changedFiles.Add(e.FullPath);
    }

    // do your stuff

    System.Timers.Timer timer = new Timer(1000) { AutoReset = false };
    timer.Elapsed += (timerElapsedSender, timerElapsedArgs) =>
    {
        lock (_changedFiles)
        {
            _changedFiles.Remove(e.FullPath);
        }
    };
   timer.Start();
}

这是我在一个项目中用来解决这个问题的解决方案，在该项目中，我将文件作为附件发送到邮件中。 它可以很容易地避免两次触发事件，即使是一个较小的定时器间隔，但在我的情况下，1000是可以的，因为我更喜欢错过一些变化，而不是每秒用> 1条消息淹没邮箱。 至少在同时更改多个文件的情况下，它可以正常工作。

Another solution I've thought of would be to replace the list with a dictionary mapping files to their respective MD5, so you wouldn't have to choose an arbitrary interval since you wouldn't have to delete the entry but update its value, and cancel your stuff if it hasn't changed. It has the downside of having a Dictionary growing in memory as files are monitored and eating more and more memory, but I've read somewhere that the amount of files monitored depends on the FSW's internal buffer, so maybe not that critical. Dunno how MD5 computing time would affect your code's performances either, careful =\

一个可能的“黑客”是使用响应式扩展来限制事件，例如:

var watcher = new FileSystemWatcher("./");

Observable.FromEventPattern<FileSystemEventArgs>(watcher, "Changed")
            .Throttle(new TimeSpan(500000))
            .Subscribe(HandleChangeEvent);

watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = true;

在本例中，我将设置为50ms，在我的系统上这就足够了，但更高的值应该更安全。(就像我说的，这仍然是一个“hack”)。

如果你注册了OnChanged事件，那么在修改之前删除被监视的文件可能会起作用，只要你只需要监视OnChange事件。

In my case need to get the last line of a text file that is inserted by other application, as soon as insertion is done. Here is my solution. When the first event is raised, i disable the watcher from raising others, then i call the timer TimeElapsedEvent because when my handle function OnChanged is called i need the size of the text file, but the size at that time is not the actual size, it is the size of the file imediatelly before the insertion. So i wait for a while to proceed with the right file size.

private FileSystemWatcher watcher = new FileSystemWatcher();
...
watcher.Path = "E:\\data";
watcher.NotifyFilter = NotifyFilters.LastWrite ;
watcher.Filter = "data.txt";
watcher.Changed += new FileSystemEventHandler(OnChanged);
watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = true;

...

private void OnChanged(object source, FileSystemEventArgs e)
   {
    System.Timers.Timer t = new System.Timers.Timer();
    try
    {
        watcher.Changed -= new FileSystemEventHandler(OnChanged);
        watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = false;

        t.Interval = 500;
        t.Elapsed += (sender, args) => t_Elapsed(sender, e);
        t.Start();
    }
    catch(Exception ex) {
        ;
    }
}

private void t_Elapsed(object sender, FileSystemEventArgs e) 
   {
    ((System.Timers.Timer)sender).Stop();
       //.. Do you stuff HERE ..
     watcher.Changed += new FileSystemEventHandler(OnChanged);
     watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
}

以下是我的解决方案，帮助我阻止事件被提出两次:

watcher.NotifyFilter = NotifyFilters.FileName | NotifyFilters.Size;

这里我只设置了文件名和大小的NotifyFilter属性。 watcher是FileSystemWatcher的对象。希望这能有所帮助。