概念:

为了像含义一样非常简单的类型安全，它确保变量的类型应该是安全的

没有错误的数据类型，例如不能保存或初始化字符串类型的整数变量 不可访问超出绑定的索引 只允许特定的内存位置

所以这都是关于变量存储类型的安全性。

类型安全的代码只访问它被授权访问的内存位置，并且只能以定义良好的、允许的方式访问。 类型安全代码不能在对象上执行对该对象无效的操作。c#和VB。NET语言编译器总是生成类型安全的代码，这些代码在JIT编译期间被验证为类型安全的。

为了更好地理解，请观看下面的视频，该视频演示了类型安全语言(c#)和非类型安全语言(javascript)的代码。

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rlw_njQhkxw

现在来看长文本。

类型安全意味着防止类型错误。当一种类型的数据类型在不知不觉中被分配给另一种类型时，就会发生类型错误，我们会得到不想要的结果。

例如，JavaScript不是一种类型安全语言。在下面的代码中，“num”是一个数值变量，“str”是字符串。Javascript允许我做“num + str”，现在猜测将它做算术或串联。

现在对于下面的代码，结果是“55”，但重要的一点是，它将执行什么样的操作造成了混乱。

这是因为javascript不是一种类型安全的语言。它允许不受限制地将一种类型的数据设置为另一种类型。

<script>
var num = 5; // numeric
var str = "5"; // string
var z = num + str; // arthimetic or concat ????
alert(z); // displays  “55”
</script>

c#是一种类型安全语言。它不允许将一种数据类型分配给另一种数据类型。下面的代码不允许在不同的数据类型上使用“+”运算符。

“类型安全”的编程语言意味着以下几点:

不能从未初始化的变量中读取 数组的索引不能超出它们的边界 不能执行未检查的类型强制转换

类型安全意味着在编程上，变量、返回值或参数的数据类型必须符合特定的标准。

实际上，这意味着7(整数类型)不同于"7"(字符串类型的引号字符)。

PHP, Javascript和其他动态脚本语言通常是弱类型的，因为它们将转换(字符串)如果您尝试将“7”+ 3添加为“7”到(整数)7，尽管有时您必须显式地这样做(Javascript使用“+”字符进行连接)。

C/ c++ /Java不会理解，或者会将结果连接到“73”中。类型安全通过明确类型需求来防止代码中出现这些类型的错误。

类型安全非常有用。上述“7”+ 3的解决方案是类型转换(int)7 + 3(等于10)。

类型安全意味着可以分配给程序变量的值集必须符合定义良好且可测试的标准。类型安全变量导致程序更加健壮，因为操作变量的算法可以相信变量只接受定义良好的一组值中的一个。保持这种信任可以确保数据和程序的完整性和质量。

For many variables, the set of values that may be assigned to a variable is defined at the time the program is written. For example, a variable called "colour" may be allowed to take on the values "red", "green", or "blue" and never any other values. For other variables those criteria may change at run-time. For example, a variable called "colour" may only be allowed to take on values in the "name" column of a "Colours" table in a relational database, where "red, "green", and "blue", are three values for "name" in the "Colours" table, but some other part of the computer program may be able to add to that list while the program is running, and the variable can take on the new values after they are added to the Colours table.

Many type-safe languages give the illusion of "type-safety" by insisting on strictly defining types for variables and only allowing a variable to be assigned values of the same "type". There are a couple of problems with this approach. For example, a program may have a variable "yearOfBirth" which is the year a person was born, and it is tempting to type-cast it as a short integer. However, it is not a short integer. This year, it is a number that is less than 2009 and greater than -10000. However, this set grows by 1 every year as the program runs. Making this a "short int" is not adequate. What is needed to make this variable type-safe is a run-time validation function that ensures that the number is always greater than -10000 and less than the next calendar year. There is no compiler that can enforce such criteria because these criteria are always unique characteristics of the problem domain.

Languages that use dynamic typing (or duck-typing, or manifest typing) such as Perl, Python, Ruby, SQLite, and Lua don't have the notion of typed variables. This forces the programmer to write a run-time validation routine for every variable to ensure that it is correct, or endure the consequences of unexplained run-time exceptions. In my experience, programmers in statically typed languages such as C, C++, Java, and C# are often lulled into thinking that statically defined types is all they need to do to get the benefits of type-safety. This is simply not true for many useful computer programs, and it is hard to predict if it is true for any particular computer program.

长和短....您需要类型安全吗?如果是，那么编写运行时函数来确保当变量被赋值时，它符合定义良好的标准。缺点是它使域分析对于大多数计算机程序来说非常困难，因为您必须显式地为每个程序变量定义标准。