我有问题理解如何使用Python电子邮件附件。我已经成功地通过smtplib电子邮件发送了简单的消息。有人能解释一下如何在电子邮件中发送附件吗?我知道网上还有其他的帖子,但作为一个Python初学者,我发现它们很难理解。
当前回答
下面是Python 3.6及更新版本的更新版本,使用Python标准库中经过大修的电子邮件模块的EmailMessage类。
import mimetypes
import os
import smtplib
from email.message import EmailMessage
username = "user@example.com"
password = "password"
smtp_url = "smtp.example.com"
port = 587
def send_mail(subject: str, send_from: str, send_to: str, message: str, directory: str, filename: str):
# Create the email message
msg = EmailMessage()
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg['From'] = send_from
msg['To'] = send_to
# Set email content
msg.set_content(message)
path = directory + filename
if os.path.exists(path):
ctype, encoding = mimetypes.guess_type(path)
if ctype is None or encoding is not None:
# No guess could be made, or the file is encoded (compressed), so
# use a generic bag-of-bits type.
ctype = 'application/octet-stream'
maintype, subtype = ctype.split('/', 1)
# Add email attachment
with open(path, 'rb') as fp:
msg.add_attachment(fp.read(),
maintype=maintype,
subtype=subtype,
filename=filename)
smtp = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_url, port)
smtp.starttls() # for using port 587
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.send_message(msg)
smtp.quit()
你可以在这里找到更多的例子。
其他回答
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
import smtplib
import mimetypes
import email.mime.application
smtp_ssl_host = 'smtp.gmail.com' # smtp.mail.yahoo.com
smtp_ssl_port = 465
s = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_ssl_host, smtp_ssl_port)
s.login(email_user, email_pass)
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['Subject'] = 'I have a picture'
msg['From'] = email_user
msg['To'] = email_user
txt = MIMEText('I just bought a new camera.')
msg.attach(txt)
filename = 'introduction-to-algorithms-3rd-edition-sep-2010.pdf' #path to file
fo=open(filename,'rb')
attach = email.mime.application.MIMEApplication(fo.read(),_subtype="pdf")
fo.close()
attach.add_header('Content-Disposition','attachment',filename=filename)
msg.attach(attach)
s.send_message(msg)
s.quit()
为了解释,你可以使用这个链接,它解释得很好 https://medium.com/@sdoshi579/to-send-an-email-along-with-attachment-using-smtp-7852e77623
下面是我从SoccerPlayer的帖子中找到的内容的组合,下面的链接使我更容易附加一个xlsx文件。在这里找到
file = 'File.xlsx'
username=''
password=''
send_from = ''
send_to = 'recipient1 , recipient2'
Cc = 'recipient'
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = send_from
msg['To'] = send_to
msg['Cc'] = Cc
msg['Date'] = formatdate(localtime = True)
msg['Subject'] = ''
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com')
port = '587'
fp = open(file, 'rb')
part = MIMEBase('application','vnd.ms-excel')
part.set_payload(fp.read())
fp.close()
encoders.encode_base64(part)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='Name File Here')
msg.attach(part)
smtp = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com')
smtp.ehlo()
smtp.starttls()
smtp.login(username,password)
smtp.sendmail(send_from, send_to.split(',') + msg['Cc'].split(','), msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()
下面是Python 3.6及更新版本的更新版本,使用Python标准库中经过大修的电子邮件模块的EmailMessage类。
import mimetypes
import os
import smtplib
from email.message import EmailMessage
username = "user@example.com"
password = "password"
smtp_url = "smtp.example.com"
port = 587
def send_mail(subject: str, send_from: str, send_to: str, message: str, directory: str, filename: str):
# Create the email message
msg = EmailMessage()
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg['From'] = send_from
msg['To'] = send_to
# Set email content
msg.set_content(message)
path = directory + filename
if os.path.exists(path):
ctype, encoding = mimetypes.guess_type(path)
if ctype is None or encoding is not None:
# No guess could be made, or the file is encoded (compressed), so
# use a generic bag-of-bits type.
ctype = 'application/octet-stream'
maintype, subtype = ctype.split('/', 1)
# Add email attachment
with open(path, 'rb') as fp:
msg.add_attachment(fp.read(),
maintype=maintype,
subtype=subtype,
filename=filename)
smtp = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_url, port)
smtp.starttls() # for using port 587
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.send_message(msg)
smtp.quit()
你可以在这里找到更多的例子。
有了我的代码,您可以使用gmail发送电子邮件附件,您将需要:
将您的gmail地址设置为您的SMTP邮箱地址 将您的gmail帐户密码设置为__YOUR SMTP password HERE___ 在___EMAIL TO RECEIVE the MESSAGE__部分,您需要设置目的电子邮件地址。 告警通知是主题。 有人进入房间,附上的照片是尸体。 ["/home/pi/webcam.jpg"]是一个图像附件。
以下是完整的代码:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import smtplib
from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEBase import MIMEBase
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
from email.Utils import COMMASPACE, formatdate
from email import Encoders
import os
USERNAME = "___YOUR SMTP EMAIL HERE___"
PASSWORD = "__YOUR SMTP PASSWORD HERE___"
def sendMail(to, subject, text, files=[]):
assert type(to)==list
assert type(files)==list
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = USERNAME
msg['To'] = COMMASPACE.join(to)
msg['Date'] = formatdate(localtime=True)
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg.attach( MIMEText(text) )
for file in files:
part = MIMEBase('application', "octet-stream")
part.set_payload( open(file,"rb").read() )
Encoders.encode_base64(part)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename="%s"'
% os.path.basename(file))
msg.attach(part)
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com:587')
server.ehlo_or_helo_if_needed()
server.starttls()
server.ehlo_or_helo_if_needed()
server.login(USERNAME,PASSWORD)
server.sendmail(USERNAME, to, msg.as_string())
server.quit()
sendMail( ["___EMAIL TO RECEIVE THE MESSAGE__"],
"Alarm notification",
"Someone has entered the room, picture attached",
["/home/pi/webcam.jpg"] )
python 3的另一种方法(如果有人正在搜索):
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
fromaddr = "sender mail address"
toaddr = "receiver mail address"
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = fromaddr
msg['To'] = toaddr
msg['Subject'] = "SUBJECT OF THE EMAIL"
body = "TEXT YOU WANT TO SEND"
msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain'))
filename = "fileName"
attachment = open("path of file", "rb")
part = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')
part.set_payload((attachment).read())
encoders.encode_base64(part)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition', "attachment; filename= %s" % filename)
msg.attach(part)
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
server.starttls()
server.login(fromaddr, "sender mail password")
text = msg.as_string()
server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddr, text)
server.quit()
确保在你的Gmail帐户上允许“不太安全的应用程序”
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