我有问题理解如何使用Python电子邮件附件。我已经成功地通过smtplib电子邮件发送了简单的消息。有人能解释一下如何在电子邮件中发送附件吗?我知道网上还有其他的帖子,但作为一个Python初学者,我发现它们很难理解。
当前回答
其他的答案也很好,但我还是想分享一种不同的方法,以防有人正在寻找替代方案。
主要的区别是,使用这种方法,你可以使用HTML/CSS来格式化你的邮件,所以你可以有创意,给你的电子邮件一些样式。虽然没有强制使用HTML,但仍然可以只使用纯文本。
注意,该函数接受将电子邮件发送给多个收件人,也允许附加多个文件。
我只在python2上尝试过,但我认为它在python3上也能正常工作:
import os.path
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
def send_email(subject, message, from_email, to_email=[], attachment=[]):
"""
:param subject: email subject
:param message: Body content of the email (string), can be HTML/CSS or plain text
:param from_email: Email address from where the email is sent
:param to_email: List of email recipients, example: ["a@a.com", "b@b.com"]
:param attachment: List of attachments, exmaple: ["file1.txt", "file2.txt"]
"""
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg['From'] = from_email
msg['To'] = ", ".join(to_email)
msg.attach(MIMEText(message, 'html'))
for f in attachment:
with open(f, 'rb') as a_file:
basename = os.path.basename(f)
part = MIMEApplication(a_file.read(), Name=basename)
part['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename="%s"' % basename
msg.attach(part)
email = smtplib.SMTP('your-smtp-host-name.com')
email.sendmail(from_email, to_email, msg.as_string())
我希望这能有所帮助!: -)
其他回答
有了我的代码,您可以使用gmail发送电子邮件附件,您将需要:
将您的gmail地址设置为您的SMTP邮箱地址 将您的gmail帐户密码设置为__YOUR SMTP password HERE___ 在___EMAIL TO RECEIVE the MESSAGE__部分,您需要设置目的电子邮件地址。 告警通知是主题。 有人进入房间,附上的照片是尸体。 ["/home/pi/webcam.jpg"]是一个图像附件。
以下是完整的代码:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import smtplib
from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEBase import MIMEBase
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
from email.Utils import COMMASPACE, formatdate
from email import Encoders
import os
USERNAME = "___YOUR SMTP EMAIL HERE___"
PASSWORD = "__YOUR SMTP PASSWORD HERE___"
def sendMail(to, subject, text, files=[]):
assert type(to)==list
assert type(files)==list
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = USERNAME
msg['To'] = COMMASPACE.join(to)
msg['Date'] = formatdate(localtime=True)
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg.attach( MIMEText(text) )
for file in files:
part = MIMEBase('application', "octet-stream")
part.set_payload( open(file,"rb").read() )
Encoders.encode_base64(part)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename="%s"'
% os.path.basename(file))
msg.attach(part)
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com:587')
server.ehlo_or_helo_if_needed()
server.starttls()
server.ehlo_or_helo_if_needed()
server.login(USERNAME,PASSWORD)
server.sendmail(USERNAME, to, msg.as_string())
server.quit()
sendMail( ["___EMAIL TO RECEIVE THE MESSAGE__"],
"Alarm notification",
"Someone has entered the room, picture attached",
["/home/pi/webcam.jpg"] )
下面是Oli为python3编写的修改版本
import smtplib
from pathlib import Path
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import COMMASPACE, formatdate
from email import encoders
def send_mail(send_from, send_to, subject, message, files=[],
server="localhost", port=587, username='', password='',
use_tls=True):
"""Compose and send email with provided info and attachments.
Args:
send_from (str): from name
send_to (list[str]): to name(s)
subject (str): message title
message (str): message body
files (list[str]): list of file paths to be attached to email
server (str): mail server host name
port (int): port number
username (str): server auth username
password (str): server auth password
use_tls (bool): use TLS mode
"""
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = send_from
msg['To'] = COMMASPACE.join(send_to)
msg['Date'] = formatdate(localtime=True)
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg.attach(MIMEText(message))
for path in files:
part = MIMEBase('application', "octet-stream")
with open(path, 'rb') as file:
part.set_payload(file.read())
encoders.encode_base64(part)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition',
'attachment; filename={}'.format(Path(path).name))
msg.attach(part)
smtp = smtplib.SMTP(server, port)
if use_tls:
smtp.starttls()
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(send_from, send_to, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()
from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
from email.MIMEImage import MIMEImage
import smtplib
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg.attach(MIMEText(file("text.txt").read()))
msg.attach(MIMEImage(file("image.png").read()))
# to send
mailer = smtplib.SMTP()
mailer.connect()
mailer.sendmail(from_, to, msg.as_string())
mailer.close()
从这里改编。
其他的答案也很好,但我还是想分享一种不同的方法,以防有人正在寻找替代方案。
主要的区别是,使用这种方法,你可以使用HTML/CSS来格式化你的邮件,所以你可以有创意,给你的电子邮件一些样式。虽然没有强制使用HTML,但仍然可以只使用纯文本。
注意,该函数接受将电子邮件发送给多个收件人,也允许附加多个文件。
我只在python2上尝试过,但我认为它在python3上也能正常工作:
import os.path
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
def send_email(subject, message, from_email, to_email=[], attachment=[]):
"""
:param subject: email subject
:param message: Body content of the email (string), can be HTML/CSS or plain text
:param from_email: Email address from where the email is sent
:param to_email: List of email recipients, example: ["a@a.com", "b@b.com"]
:param attachment: List of attachments, exmaple: ["file1.txt", "file2.txt"]
"""
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg['From'] = from_email
msg['To'] = ", ".join(to_email)
msg.attach(MIMEText(message, 'html'))
for f in attachment:
with open(f, 'rb') as a_file:
basename = os.path.basename(f)
part = MIMEApplication(a_file.read(), Name=basename)
part['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename="%s"' % basename
msg.attach(part)
email = smtplib.SMTP('your-smtp-host-name.com')
email.sendmail(from_email, to_email, msg.as_string())
我希望这能有所帮助!: -)
试试这个我希望这可能会有帮助
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
fromaddr = "youremailhere"
toaddr = input("Enter The Email Adress You want to send to: ")
# instance of MIMEMultipart
msg = MIMEMultipart()
# storing the senders email address
msg['From'] = fromaddr
# storing the receivers email address
msg['To'] = toaddr
# storing the subject
msg['Subject'] = input("What is the Subject:\t")
# string to store the body of the mail
body = input("What is the body:\t")
# attach the body with the msg instance
msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain'))
# open the file to be sent
filename = input("filename:")
attachment = open(filename, "rb")
# instance of MIMEBase and named as p
p = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')
# To change the payload into encoded form
p.set_payload((attachment).read())
# encode into base64
encoders.encode_base64(p)
p.add_header('Content-Disposition', "attachment; filename= %s" % filename)
# attach the instance 'p' to instance 'msg'
msg.attach(p)
# creates SMTP session
s = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
# start TLS for security
s.starttls()
# Authentication
s.login(fromaddr, "yourpaswordhere)
# Converts the Multipart msg into a string
text = msg.as_string()
# sending the mail
s.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddr, text)
# terminating the session
s.quit()
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