由于以下错误消息,我们无法使用WebRequest连接到HTTPS服务器:

请求被中止:无法创建SSL/TLS安全通道。

我们知道服务器没有有效的HTTPS证书,但为了绕过这个问题,我们使用下面的代码,我们从另一个StackOverflow帖子:

private void Somewhere() {
    ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback += new RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(AlwaysGoodCertificate);
}

private static bool AlwaysGoodCertificate(object sender, X509Certificate certificate, X509Chain chain, SslPolicyErrors policyErrors) {
   return true;
}

问题是服务器从未验证证书,并出现上述错误而失败。有人知道我该怎么做吗?


我应该提到的是,我和一个同事几周前进行了测试,它运行得很好,与我上面写的类似。我们发现的唯一“主要区别”是,我用的是Windows 7,而他用的是Windows XP。这会改变什么吗?


当前回答

In my case, I was running under Visual Studio 2022. Time and time again I was getting this error. Going through the code I saw that it retrieved the certificate just fine. Security was set to TLS1.2, both answers above. For whatever reason, running Visual Studio as Administrator made it work! Maybe someone can explain to me how the code retrieved the certificate from the store just fine. I could see it and all the properties. Why in the name of this world would it not process the request unless I run VS in admin mode???

其他回答

这个错误是一般的,有很多原因导致SSL/TLS协商失败。最常见的是无效或过期的服务器证书,您可以通过提供自己的服务器证书验证钩子来解决这个问题,但这并不一定是唯一的原因。服务器可能需要相互身份验证,它可能配置了一组客户端不支持的密码,它可能有太大的时间漂移,以至于握手无法成功,还有很多其他原因。

最好的解决方案是使用channel故障排除工具集。channnel是负责SSL和TLS的SSPI提供者,您的客户端将使用它进行握手。看看TLS/SSL工具和设置。

另请参阅如何启用通道事件日志记录。

我终于找到了答案(我没有注明我的来源,但它来自一次搜索);

虽然代码在Windows XP中工作,但在Windows 7中,你必须在开头添加这个:

// using System.Net;
ServicePointManager.Expect100Continue = true;
ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = SecurityProtocolType.Tls12;
// Use SecurityProtocolType.Ssl3 if needed for compatibility reasons

现在,它工作得很完美。


齿顶高

Robin French提到过;如果你在配置PayPal时遇到了这个问题,请注意从2018年12月3日开始他们将不支持SSL3。您需要使用TLS。这是关于它的Paypal页面。

In my case, I was running under Visual Studio 2022. Time and time again I was getting this error. Going through the code I saw that it retrieved the certificate just fine. Security was set to TLS1.2, both answers above. For whatever reason, running Visual Studio as Administrator made it work! Maybe someone can explain to me how the code retrieved the certificate from the store just fine. I could see it and all the properties. Why in the name of this world would it not process the request unless I run VS in admin mode???

没有一个答案对我有用。

这是有效的方法:

而不是像这样初始化我的X509Certifiacte2:

   var certificate = new X509Certificate2(bytes, pass);

我是这样做的:

   var certificate = new X509Certificate2(bytes, pass, X509KeyStorageFlags.MachineKeySet | X509KeyStorageFlags.PersistKeySet | X509KeyStorageFlags.Exportable);

注意X509KeyStorageFlags。出口! !

我没有改变其余的代码(WebRequest本身):

// I'm not even sure the first two lines are necessary:
ServicePointManager.Expect100Continue = true; 
ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = SecurityProtocolType.Tls12;

request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(string.Format("https://{0}.sii.cl/cvc_cgi/dte/of_solicita_folios", server));
request.Method = "GET";
request.Referer = string.Format("https://hercules.sii.cl/cgi_AUT2000/autInicio.cgi?referencia=https://{0}.sii.cl/cvc_cgi/dte/of_solicita_folios", servidor);
request.UserAgent = "Mozilla/4.0";
request.ClientCertificates.Add(certificate);
request.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();

using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse())
{
    // etc...
}

事实上,我甚至不确定前两行是否有必要……

您遇到的问题是aspNet用户没有访问证书的权限。您必须使用winhttpcertcfg.exe提供访问权限

关于如何设置的示例如下: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/901183

详细信息请参见步骤2

编辑:在最新版本的IIS中,此功能内置于证书管理器工具中-可以通过右键单击证书并使用管理私钥的选项来访问。更多详情请访问:https://serverfault.com/questions/131046/how-to-grant-iis-7-5-access-to-a-certificate-in-certificate-store/132791#132791