你可以使用内置的ast.literal_eval:

>>> import ast
>>> ast.literal_eval("{'muffin' : 'lolz', 'foo' : 'kitty'}")
{'muffin': 'lolz', 'foo': 'kitty'}

这比使用eval更安全。正如它自己的文件所说:

>>> help(ast.literal_eval)
Help on function literal_eval in module ast:

literal_eval(node_or_string)
    Safely evaluate an expression node or a string containing a Python
    expression.  The string or node provided may only consist of the following
    Python literal structures: strings, numbers, tuples, lists, dicts, booleans,
    and None.

例如:

>>> eval("shutil.rmtree('mongo')")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/opt/Python-2.6.1/lib/python2.6/shutil.py", line 208, in rmtree
    onerror(os.listdir, path, sys.exc_info())
  File "/opt/Python-2.6.1/lib/python2.6/shutil.py", line 206, in rmtree
    names = os.listdir(path)
OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'mongo'
>>> ast.literal_eval("shutil.rmtree('mongo')")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/opt/Python-2.6.1/lib/python2.6/ast.py", line 68, in literal_eval
    return _convert(node_or_string)
  File "/opt/Python-2.6.1/lib/python2.6/ast.py", line 67, in _convert
    raise ValueError('malformed string')
ValueError: malformed string

使用json。ast库消耗大量内存，而且速度较慢。我有一个进程，需要读取156Mb的文本文件。Ast有5分钟的延迟转换字典json和1分钟使用60%的内存!

你可以使用内置的ast.literal_eval:

>>> import ast
>>> ast.literal_eval("{'muffin' : 'lolz', 'foo' : 'kitty'}")
{'muffin': 'lolz', 'foo': 'kitty'}

这比使用eval更安全。正如它自己的文件所说:

>>> help(ast.literal_eval)
Help on function literal_eval in module ast:

literal_eval(node_or_string)
    Safely evaluate an expression node or a string containing a Python
    expression.  The string or node provided may only consist of the following
    Python literal structures: strings, numbers, tuples, lists, dicts, booleans,
    and None.

例如:

>>> eval("shutil.rmtree('mongo')")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/opt/Python-2.6.1/lib/python2.6/shutil.py", line 208, in rmtree
    onerror(os.listdir, path, sys.exc_info())
  File "/opt/Python-2.6.1/lib/python2.6/shutil.py", line 206, in rmtree
    names = os.listdir(path)
OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'mongo'
>>> ast.literal_eval("shutil.rmtree('mongo')")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/opt/Python-2.6.1/lib/python2.6/ast.py", line 68, in literal_eval
    return _convert(node_or_string)
  File "/opt/Python-2.6.1/lib/python2.6/ast.py", line 67, in _convert
    raise ValueError('malformed string')
ValueError: malformed string

Siva Kameswara Rao Munipalle的优化代码

s = s.replace("{", "").replace("}", "").split(",")
            
dictionary = {}

for i in s:
    dictionary[i.split(":")[0].strip('\'').replace("\"", "")] = i.split(":")[1].strip('"\'')
            
print(dictionary)

不使用任何库(python2):

dict_format_string = "{'1':'one', '2' : 'two'}"
d = {}
elems  = filter(str.isalnum,dict_format_string.split("'"))
values = elems[1::2]
keys   = elems[0::2]
d.update(zip(keys,values))

注意:由于它有硬编码的分割(“'”)将只适用于数据是“单引号”的字符串。

注2:在python3中，您需要将filter()包装为list()以获取list。

我的字符串里面没有引号: s = '日期:2022-11-29T10:57:01.024Z，大小:910.11 KB'

我的解决方案是使用str.split: {k: k v, v在地图(λd: d.split(“:”),s.split (" ")}