您可以使用TestSuite和自定义TestCase类。

import unittest

class CustomTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def __init__(self, name, a, b):
        super().__init__()
        self.name = name
        self.a = a
        self.b = b

    def runTest(self):
        print("test", self.name)
        self.assertEqual(self.a, self.b)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    suite = unittest.TestSuite()
    suite.addTest(CustomTest("Foo", 1337, 1337))
    suite.addTest(CustomTest("Bar", 0xDEAD, 0xC0DE))
    unittest.TextTestRunner().run(suite)

这被称为“参数化”。

有几个工具支持这种方法。例如:

pytest的装饰 参数化

结果代码如下所示:

from parameterized import parameterized

class TestSequence(unittest.TestCase):
    @parameterized.expand([
        ["foo", "a", "a",],
        ["bar", "a", "b"],
        ["lee", "b", "b"],
    ])
    def test_sequence(self, name, a, b):
        self.assertEqual(a,b)

这将生成测试:

test_sequence_0_foo (__main__.TestSequence) ... ok
test_sequence_1_bar (__main__.TestSequence) ... FAIL
test_sequence_2_lee (__main__.TestSequence) ... ok

======================================================================
FAIL: test_sequence_1_bar (__main__.TestSequence)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/parameterized/parameterized.py", line 233, in <lambda>
    standalone_func = lambda *a: func(*(a + p.args), **p.kwargs)
  File "x.py", line 12, in test_sequence
    self.assertEqual(a,b)
AssertionError: 'a' != 'b'

由于历史原因，我将保留大约2008年的原始答案):

我使用的方法是这样的:

import unittest

l = [["foo", "a", "a",], ["bar", "a", "b"], ["lee", "b", "b"]]

class TestSequense(unittest.TestCase):
    pass

def test_generator(a, b):
    def test(self):
        self.assertEqual(a,b)
    return test

if __name__ == '__main__':
    for t in l:
        test_name = 'test_%s' % t[0]
        test = test_generator(t[1], t[2])
        setattr(TestSequense, test_name, test)
    unittest.main()

import unittest

def generator(test_class, a, b):
    def test(self):
        self.assertEqual(a, b)
    return test

def add_test_methods(test_class):
    # The first element of list is variable "a", then variable "b", then name of test case that will be used as suffix.
    test_list = [[2,3, 'one'], [5,5, 'two'], [0,0, 'three']]
    for case in test_list:
        test = generator(test_class, case[0], case[1])
        setattr(test_class, "test_%s" % case[2], test)


class TestAuto(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        print 'Setup'
        pass

    def tearDown(self):
        print 'TearDown'
        pass

_add_test_methods(TestAuto)  # It's better to start with underscore so it is not detected as a test itself

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main(verbosity=1)

结果:

>>>
Setup
FTearDown
Setup
TearDown
.Setup
TearDown
.
======================================================================
FAIL: test_one (__main__.TestAuto)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:/inchowar/Desktop/PyTrash/test_auto_3.py", line 5, in test
    self.assertEqual(a, b)
AssertionError: 2 != 3

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.019s

FAILED (failures=1)

我发现这很适合我的目的，特别是当我需要生成在数据集合上执行稍微不同的过程的测试时。

import unittest

def rename(newName):
    def renamingFunc(func):
        func.__name__ == newName
        return func
    return renamingFunc

class TestGenerator(unittest.TestCase):

    TEST_DATA = {}

    @classmethod
    def generateTests(cls):
        for dataName, dataValue in TestGenerator.TEST_DATA:
            for func in cls.getTests(dataName, dataValue):
                setattr(cls, "test_{:s}_{:s}".format(func.__name__, dataName), func)

    @classmethod
    def getTests(cls):
        raise(NotImplementedError("This must be implemented"))

class TestCluster(TestGenerator):

    TEST_CASES = []

    @staticmethod
    def getTests(dataName, dataValue):

        def makeTest(case):

            @rename("{:s}".format(case["name"]))
            def test(self):
                # Do things with self, case, data
                pass

            return test

        return [makeTest(c) for c in TestCluster.TEST_CASES]

TestCluster.generateTests()

TestGenerator类可以用来生成不同的测试用例集，比如TestCluster。

TestCluster可以被认为是TestGenerator接口的实现。

import unittest

def generator(test_class, a, b,c,d,name):
    def test(self):
        print('Testexecution=',name)
        print('a=',a)
        print('b=',b)
        print('c=',c)
        print('d=',d)

    return test

def add_test_methods(test_class):
    test_list = [[3,3,5,6, 'one'], [5,5,8,9, 'two'], [0,0,5,6, 'three'],[0,0,2,3,'Four']]
    for case in test_list:
        print('case=',case[0], case[1],case[2],case[3],case[4])
        test = generator(test_class, case[0], case[1],case[2],case[3],case[4])
        setattr(test_class, "test_%s" % case[4], test)


class TestAuto(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        print ('Setup')
        pass

    def tearDown(self):
        print ('TearDown')
        pass

add_test_methods(TestAuto)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main(verbosity=1)

从Python 3.4开始，已经为此目的向unittest引入了子测试。详细信息请参见文档。TestCase。subTest是一个上下文管理器，它允许在测试中隔离断言，以便用参数信息报告失败，但它不会停止测试执行。下面是文档中的例子:

class NumbersTest(unittest.TestCase):

def test_even(self):
    """
    Test that numbers between 0 and 5 are all even.
    """
    for i in range(0, 6):
        with self.subTest(i=i):
            self.assertEqual(i % 2, 0)

测试运行的输出是:

======================================================================
FAIL: test_even (__main__.NumbersTest) (i=1)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "subtests.py", line 32, in test_even
    self.assertEqual(i % 2, 0)
AssertionError: 1 != 0

======================================================================
FAIL: test_even (__main__.NumbersTest) (i=3)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "subtests.py", line 32, in test_even
    self.assertEqual(i % 2, 0)
AssertionError: 1 != 0

======================================================================
FAIL: test_even (__main__.NumbersTest) (i=5)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "subtests.py", line 32, in test_even
    self.assertEqual(i % 2, 0)
AssertionError: 1 != 0

这也是unittest2的一部分，因此可用于早期版本的Python。