我把sth的答案稍微修改一下，以适应我的嵌套字典和列表的需要:

def pretty(d, indent=0):
    if isinstance(d, dict):
        for key, value in d.iteritems():
            print '\t' * indent + str(key)
            if isinstance(value, dict) or isinstance(value, list):
                pretty(value, indent+1)
            else:
                print '\t' * (indent+1) + str(value)
    elif isinstance(d, list):
        for item in d:
            if isinstance(item, dict) or isinstance(item, list):
                pretty(item, indent+1)
            else:
                print '\t' * (indent+1) + str(item)
    else:
        pass

然后输出如下:

>>> 
xs:schema
    @xmlns:xs
        http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema
    xs:redefine
        @schemaLocation
            base.xsd
        xs:complexType
            @name
                Extension
            xs:complexContent
                xs:restriction
                    @base
                        Extension
                    xs:sequence
                        xs:element
                            @name
                                Policy
                            @minOccurs
                                1
                            xs:complexType
                                xs:sequence
                                    xs:element
                                            ...

至于已经做了什么，我没有看到任何漂亮的打印机，至少模仿python解释器的输出非常简单的格式，所以这里是我的:

class Formatter(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.types = {}
        self.htchar = '\t'
        self.lfchar = '\n'
        self.indent = 0
        self.set_formater(object, self.__class__.format_object)
        self.set_formater(dict, self.__class__.format_dict)
        self.set_formater(list, self.__class__.format_list)
        self.set_formater(tuple, self.__class__.format_tuple)

    def set_formater(self, obj, callback):
        self.types[obj] = callback

    def __call__(self, value, **args):
        for key in args:
            setattr(self, key, args[key])
        formater = self.types[type(value) if type(value) in self.types else object]
        return formater(self, value, self.indent)

    def format_object(self, value, indent):
        return repr(value)

    def format_dict(self, value, indent):
        items = [
            self.lfchar + self.htchar * (indent + 1) + repr(key) + ': ' +
            (self.types[type(value[key]) if type(value[key]) in self.types else object])(self, value[key], indent + 1)
            for key in value
        ]
        return '{%s}' % (','.join(items) + self.lfchar + self.htchar * indent)

    def format_list(self, value, indent):
        items = [
            self.lfchar + self.htchar * (indent + 1) + (self.types[type(item) if type(item) in self.types else object])(self, item, indent + 1)
            for item in value
        ]
        return '[%s]' % (','.join(items) + self.lfchar + self.htchar * indent)

    def format_tuple(self, value, indent):
        items = [
            self.lfchar + self.htchar * (indent + 1) + (self.types[type(item) if type(item) in self.types else object])(self, item, indent + 1)
            for item in value
        ]
        return '(%s)' % (','.join(items) + self.lfchar + self.htchar * indent)

要初始化它:

pretty = Formatter()

它可以支持为已定义的类型添加格式化器，你只需要为它创建一个函数，然后用set_formater将它绑定到你想要的类型:

from collections import OrderedDict

def format_ordereddict(self, value, indent):
    items = [
        self.lfchar + self.htchar * (indent + 1) +
        "(" + repr(key) + ', ' + (self.types[
            type(value[key]) if type(value[key]) in self.types else object
        ])(self, value[key], indent + 1) + ")"
        for key in value
    ]
    return 'OrderedDict([%s])' % (','.join(items) +
           self.lfchar + self.htchar * indent)
pretty.set_formater(OrderedDict, format_ordereddict)

由于历史原因，我保留了之前的漂亮打印机，它是一个函数而不是一个类，但它们都可以以同样的方式使用，类版本只是允许更多:

def pretty(value, htchar='\t', lfchar='\n', indent=0):
    nlch = lfchar + htchar * (indent + 1)
    if type(value) is dict:
        items = [
            nlch + repr(key) + ': ' + pretty(value[key], htchar, lfchar, indent + 1)
            for key in value
        ]
        return '{%s}' % (','.join(items) + lfchar + htchar * indent)
    elif type(value) is list:
        items = [
            nlch + pretty(item, htchar, lfchar, indent + 1)
            for item in value
        ]
        return '[%s]' % (','.join(items) + lfchar + htchar * indent)
    elif type(value) is tuple:
        items = [
            nlch + pretty(item, htchar, lfchar, indent + 1)
            for item in value
        ]
        return '(%s)' % (','.join(items) + lfchar + htchar * indent)
    else:
        return repr(value)

使用它:

>>> a = {'list':['a','b',1,2],'dict':{'a':1,2:'b'},'tuple':('a','b',1,2),'function':pretty,'unicode':u'\xa7',("tuple","key"):"valid"}
>>> a
{'function': <function pretty at 0x7fdf555809b0>, 'tuple': ('a', 'b', 1, 2), 'list': ['a', 'b', 1, 2], 'dict': {'a': 1, 2: 'b'}, 'unicode': u'\xa7', ('tuple', 'key'): 'valid'}
>>> print(pretty(a))
{
    'function': <function pretty at 0x7fdf555809b0>,
    'tuple': (
        'a',
        'b',
        1,
        2
    ),
    'list': [
        'a',
        'b',
        1,
        2
    ],
    'dict': {
        'a': 1,
        2: 'b'
    },
    'unicode': u'\xa7',
    ('tuple', 'key'): 'valid'
}

相对于其他版本:

This solution looks directly for object type, so you can pretty print almost everything, not only list or dict. Doesn't have any dependancy. Everything is put inside a string, so you can do whatever you want with it. The class and the function has been tested and works with Python 2.7 and 3.4. You can have all type of objects inside, this is their representations and not theirs contents that being put in the result (so string have quotes, Unicode string are fully represented ...). With the class version, you can add formatting for every object type you want or change them for already defined ones. key can be of any valid type. Indent and Newline character can be changed for everything we'd like. Dict, List and Tuples are pretty printed.

这里的现代解决方案是使用富。安装与

pip install rich

使用as

from rich import print

d = {
    "Alabama": "Montgomery",
    "Alaska": "Juneau",
    "Arizona": "Phoenix",
    "Arkansas": "Little Rock",
    "California": "Sacramento",
    "Colorado": "Denver",
    "Connecticut": "Hartford",
    "Delaware": "Dover",
    "Florida": "Tallahassee",
    "Georgia": "Atlanta",
    "Hawaii": "Honolulu",
    "Idaho": "Boise",
}
print(d)

输出很好地缩进:

yapf的另一个选择:

from pprint import pformat
from yapf.yapflib.yapf_api import FormatCode

dict_example = {'1': '1', '2': '2', '3': [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], '4': {'1': '1', '2': '2', '3': [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]}}
dict_string = pformat(dict_example)
formatted_code, _ = FormatCode(dict_string)

print(formatted_code)

输出:

{
    '1': '1',
    '2': '2',
    '3': [1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
    '4': {
        '1': '1',
        '2': '2',
        '3': [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
    }
}

我用了你们教我的东西加上装饰器的力量来重载经典的打印功能。只要根据需要改变缩进即可。我把它作为一个主旨在github，以防你想要星(保存)它。

def print_decorator(func):
    """
    Overload Print function to pretty print Dictionaries 
    """
    def wrapped_func(*args,**kwargs):
        if isinstance(*args, dict):
            return func(json.dumps(*args, sort_keys=True, indent=2, default=str))
        else:
            return func(*args,**kwargs)
    return wrapped_func
print = print_decorator(print)

现在就像往常一样使用打印。

我不确定你到底想要什么样的格式，但你可以从这样一个函数开始:

def pretty(d, indent=0):
   for key, value in d.items():
      print('\t' * indent + str(key))
      if isinstance(value, dict):
         pretty(value, indent+1)
      else:
         print('\t' * (indent+1) + str(value))