ShreevatsaR的答案并不适用于所有情况，即使你加上“如果(m<0) m=-m;”，如果你考虑负红利/除数。

例如，-12 mod -10将是8，它应该是-2。

以下实现将适用于正负的红利/除数，并符合其他实现(即Java, Python, Ruby, Scala, Scheme, Javascript和谷歌的计算器):

internal static class IntExtensions
{
    internal static int Mod(this int a, int n)
    {
        if (n == 0)
            throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("n", "(a mod 0) is undefined.");

        //puts a in the [-n+1, n-1] range using the remainder operator
        int remainder = a%n;

        //if the remainder is less than zero, add n to put it in the [0, n-1] range if n is positive
        //if the remainder is greater than zero, add n to put it in the [n-1, 0] range if n is negative
        if ((n > 0 && remainder < 0) ||
            (n < 0 && remainder > 0))
            return remainder + n;
        return remainder;
    }
}

使用xUnit测试套件:

    [Theory]
    [PropertyData("GetTestData")]
    public void Mod_ReturnsCorrectModulo(int dividend, int divisor, int expectedMod)
    {
        Assert.Equal(expectedMod, dividend.Mod(divisor));
    }

    [Fact]
    public void Mod_ThrowsException_IfDivisorIsZero()
    {
        Assert.Throws<ArgumentOutOfRangeException>(() => 1.Mod(0));
    }

    public static IEnumerable<object[]> GetTestData
    {
        get
        {
            yield return new object[] {1, 1, 0};
            yield return new object[] {0, 1, 0};
            yield return new object[] {2, 10, 2};
            yield return new object[] {12, 10, 2};
            yield return new object[] {22, 10, 2};
            yield return new object[] {-2, 10, 8};
            yield return new object[] {-12, 10, 8};
            yield return new object[] {-22, 10, 8};
            yield return new object[] { 2, -10, -8 };
            yield return new object[] { 12, -10, -8 };
            yield return new object[] { 22, -10, -8 };
            yield return new object[] { -2, -10, -2 };
            yield return new object[] { -12, -10, -2 };
            yield return new object[] { -22, -10, -2 };
        }
    }

请注意，c#和c++的%运算符实际上不是模数，而是余数。在你的例子中，求模的公式是:

float nfmod(float a,float b)
{
    return a - b * floor(a / b);
}

你必须用c#(或c++)重新编码，但这是你得到模数而不是余数的方法。

ShreevatsaR的第二个答案是:

int mod(int x, int m) {
    int r = x % m;
    return r < 0 ? r + m : r;
}

可以在新版本的c#中使用var模式和switch表达式作为一行程序来编写:

int mod(int x, int m) => (x % m) switch 
{ 
    < 0 and var r => r + m, var r => r 
}

ShreevatsaR的答案并不适用于所有情况，即使你加上“如果(m<0) m=-m;”，如果你考虑负红利/除数。

例如，-12 mod -10将是8，它应该是-2。

以下实现将适用于正负的红利/除数，并符合其他实现(即Java, Python, Ruby, Scala, Scheme, Javascript和谷歌的计算器):

internal static class IntExtensions
{
    internal static int Mod(this int a, int n)
    {
        if (n == 0)
            throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("n", "(a mod 0) is undefined.");

        //puts a in the [-n+1, n-1] range using the remainder operator
        int remainder = a%n;

        //if the remainder is less than zero, add n to put it in the [0, n-1] range if n is positive
        //if the remainder is greater than zero, add n to put it in the [n-1, 0] range if n is negative
        if ((n > 0 && remainder < 0) ||
            (n < 0 && remainder > 0))
            return remainder + n;
        return remainder;
    }
}

使用xUnit测试套件:

    [Theory]
    [PropertyData("GetTestData")]
    public void Mod_ReturnsCorrectModulo(int dividend, int divisor, int expectedMod)
    {
        Assert.Equal(expectedMod, dividend.Mod(divisor));
    }

    [Fact]
    public void Mod_ThrowsException_IfDivisorIsZero()
    {
        Assert.Throws<ArgumentOutOfRangeException>(() => 1.Mod(0));
    }

    public static IEnumerable<object[]> GetTestData
    {
        get
        {
            yield return new object[] {1, 1, 0};
            yield return new object[] {0, 1, 0};
            yield return new object[] {2, 10, 2};
            yield return new object[] {12, 10, 2};
            yield return new object[] {22, 10, 2};
            yield return new object[] {-2, 10, 8};
            yield return new object[] {-12, 10, 8};
            yield return new object[] {-22, 10, 8};
            yield return new object[] { 2, -10, -8 };
            yield return new object[] { 12, -10, -8 };
            yield return new object[] { 22, -10, -8 };
            yield return new object[] { -2, -10, -2 };
            yield return new object[] { -12, -10, -2 };
            yield return new object[] { -22, -10, -2 };
        }
    }

我喜欢Peter N Lewis在这篇文章中提出的技巧:“如果N有一个有限的范围，那么你可以通过添加一个已知的常数倍数(除数)来得到你想要的结果，这个倍数大于最小值的绝对值。”

如果我有一个以度数为单位的值d，我想取

d % 180f

我想避免d为负时的问题，那么我就这样做:

(d + 720f) % 180f

这里假设d可能是负数，但已知它永远不会大于-720。

dcastro的答案的单行实现(与其他语言最兼容):

int Mod(int a, int n)
{
    return (((a %= n) < 0) && n > 0) || (a > 0 && n < 0) ? a + n : a;
}

如果你想保留%操作符的使用(在c#中你不能重载本机操作符):

public class IntM
{
    private int _value;

    private IntM(int value)
    {
        _value = value;
    }

    private static int Mod(int a, int n)
    {
        return (((a %= n) < 0) && n > 0) || (a > 0 && n < 0) ? a + n : a;
    }

    public static implicit operator int(IntM i) => i._value;
    public static implicit operator IntM(int i) => new IntM(i);
    public static int operator %(IntM a, int n) => Mod(a, n);
    public static int operator %(int a, IntM n) => Mod(a, n);
}

用例，两者都适用:

int r = (IntM)a % n;

// Or
int r = a % n(IntM);