除了使用String.replaceAll()方法并逐个替换字母之外,还有更好的方法来摆脱重音并使这些字母规则吗? 例子:
输入:或者čpžsíáýd
输出:orcpzsiayd
它不需要包括所有有口音的字母,比如俄语字母或汉语字母。
除了使用String.replaceAll()方法并逐个替换字母之外,还有更好的方法来摆脱重音并使这些字母规则吗? 例子:
输入:或者čpžsíáýd
输出:orcpzsiayd
它不需要包括所有有口音的字母,比如俄语字母或汉语字母。
当前回答
从2011年开始,你可以使用Apache Commons stringutils . stripaccent (input)(从3.0开始):
String input = StringUtils.stripAccents("Tĥïŝ ĩš â fůňķŷ Šťŕĭńġ");
System.out.println(input);
// Prints "This is a funky String"
注意:
接受的答案(Erick Robertson的)对于Ø或Ł不适用。Apache Commons 3.5也不能用于Ø,但它可以用于Ł。在阅读了维基百科上关于Ø的文章后,我不确定它是否应该被“O”取代:它在挪威语和丹麦语中是一个单独的字母,在“z”之后按字母顺序排列。这是“条形强调”方法局限性的一个很好的例子。
其他回答
System.out.println(Normalizer.normalize("àèé", Normalizer.Form.NFD).replaceAll("\\p{InCombiningDiacriticalMarks}+", ""));
为我工作。上面代码段的输出给出了“aee”,这是我想要的,但是
System.out.println(Normalizer.normalize("àèé", Normalizer.Form.NFD).replaceAll("[^\\p{ASCII}]", ""));
没有做任何替换。
编辑:如果你不困于Java <6,速度不是关键,/或翻译表太有限,请使用David的回答。重点是使用Normalizer(在Java 6中引入),而不是在循环中使用转换表。
虽然这不是“完美”的解决方案,但当你知道范围(在我们的例子中是latin1,2)时,它工作得很好,在Java 6之前工作(虽然不是一个真正的问题),并且比大多数建议的版本快得多(可能是也可能不是一个问题):
/**
* Mirror of the unicode table from 00c0 to 017f without diacritics.
*/
private static final String tab00c0 = "AAAAAAACEEEEIIII" +
"DNOOOOO\u00d7\u00d8UUUUYI\u00df" +
"aaaaaaaceeeeiiii" +
"\u00f0nooooo\u00f7\u00f8uuuuy\u00fey" +
"AaAaAaCcCcCcCcDd" +
"DdEeEeEeEeEeGgGg" +
"GgGgHhHhIiIiIiIi" +
"IiJjJjKkkLlLlLlL" +
"lLlNnNnNnnNnOoOo" +
"OoOoRrRrRrSsSsSs" +
"SsTtTtTtUuUuUuUu" +
"UuUuWwYyYZzZzZzF";
/**
* Returns string without diacritics - 7 bit approximation.
*
* @param source string to convert
* @return corresponding string without diacritics
*/
public static String removeDiacritic(String source) {
char[] vysl = new char[source.length()];
char one;
for (int i = 0; i < source.length(); i++) {
one = source.charAt(i);
if (one >= '\u00c0' && one <= '\u017f') {
one = tab00c0.charAt((int) one - '\u00c0');
}
vysl[i] = one;
}
return new String(vysl);
}
在我使用32位JDK的HW上进行的测试表明,这在~100ms内执行了从àèéľšťč89FDČ到aeelstc89FDC的100万次转换,而Normalizer方式使其在3.7s(慢37倍)。如果您的需求与性能有关,并且您知道输入范围,那么这可能适合您。
喜欢:-)
如果有人在kotlin中很难做到这一点,这段代码就像一个魅力。为了避免不一致,我也使用. touppercase和Trim()。然后我强制转换这个函数:
fun stripAccents(s: String):String{
if (s == null) {
return "";
}
val chars: CharArray = s.toCharArray()
var sb = StringBuilder(s)
var cont: Int = 0
while (chars.size > cont) {
var c: kotlin.Char
c = chars[cont]
var c2:String = c.toString()
//these are my needs, in case you need to convert other accents just Add new entries aqui
c2 = c2.replace("Ã", "A")
c2 = c2.replace("Õ", "O")
c2 = c2.replace("Ç", "C")
c2 = c2.replace("Á", "A")
c2 = c2.replace("Ó", "O")
c2 = c2.replace("Ê", "E")
c2 = c2.replace("É", "E")
c2 = c2.replace("Ú", "U")
c = c2.single()
sb.setCharAt(cont, c)
cont++
}
return sb.toString()
}
要像这样使用这些有趣的转换代码:
var str: String
str = editText.text.toString() //get the text from EditText
str = str.toUpperCase().trim()
str = stripAccents(str) //call the function
根据语言的不同,这些可能不被认为是重音(改变字母的发音),而是变音符符号
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diacritic#Languages_with_letters_containing_diacritics
“波斯尼亚语和克罗地亚语都有符号“č”、“ovic”、“đ”、“š”和“ž”,这些符号被认为是单独的字母,在字典和其他按字母顺序排列单词的语境中都是这样列出的。”
删除它们可能会从本质上改变单词的意思,或者将字母变成完全不同的字母。
@David Conrad solution is the fastest I tried using the Normalizer, but it does have a bug. It basically strips characters which are not accents, for example Chinese characters and other letters like æ, are all stripped. The characters that we want to strip are non spacing marks, characters which don't take up extra width in the final string. These zero width characters basically end up combined in some other character. If you can see them isolated as a character, for example like this `, my guess is that it's combined with the space character.
public static String flattenToAscii(String string) {
char[] out = new char[string.length()];
String norm = Normalizer.normalize(string, Normalizer.Form.NFD);
int j = 0;
for (int i = 0, n = norm.length(); i < n; ++i) {
char c = norm.charAt(i);
int type = Character.getType(c);
//Log.d(TAG,""+c);
//by Ricardo, modified the character check for accents, ref: http://stackoverflow.com/a/5697575/689223
if (type != Character.NON_SPACING_MARK){
out[j] = c;
j++;
}
}
//Log.d(TAG,"normalized string:"+norm+"/"+new String(out));
return new String(out);
}