执行以下命令时:

ALTER TABLE `mytable` ADD UNIQUE (
`column1` ,
`column2`
);

我得到了这个错误信息:

#1071 - Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes

columnn1和column2的信息:

column1 varchar(20) utf8_general_ci
column2  varchar(500) utf8_general_ci

我认为varchar(20)只需要21个字节,而varchar(500)只需要501个字节。所以总字节数是522,小于767。为什么我得到了错误消息?

#1071 - Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes

当前回答

为了解决这个问题,这个方法对我很有效。

ALTER DATABASE dbname CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

其他回答

我对这个相同问题的修复是添加一个选项作为第三个参数:charset

queryInterface.createTable(
  tableName,
  { /*... columns*/ },
  { charset: 'utf8' } 
)

否则sequelize将创建utf8mb4表。

您可以添加长列的md5列

对我来说,#1071 -指定键太长了;通过限制列大小200来改变主键/唯一键组合后,最大键长度是767字节”得到了解决。

ALTER TABLE `mytable` ADD UNIQUE (
`column1` (200) ,
`column2` (200)
);

我认为varchar(20)只需要21个字节,而varchar(500)只需要 需要501字节。所以总字节数是522,小于767。那么,为什么 我收到错误信息了吗?

UTF8每个字符需要3个字节来存储字符串,因此在您的情况下,20 +500字符= 20*3+500*3 = 1560字节,这超过了允许的767字节。

UTF8的限制是767/3 = 255个字符,对于每个字符使用4个字节的UTF8mb4,它是767/4 = 191个字符。


如果您需要使用比限制更长的列,有两种解决方案:

Use "cheaper" encoding (the one that requires less bytes per character) In my case, I needed to add Unique index on column containing SEO string of article, as I use only [A-z0-9\-] characters for SEO, I used latin1_general_ci which uses only one byte per character and so column can have 767 bytes length. Create hash from your column and use unique index only on that The other option for me was to create another column which would store hash of SEO, this column would have UNIQUE key to ensure SEO values are unique. I would also add KEY index to original SEO column to speed up look up.

当你达到极限的时候。设置如下参数。

INNODB utf8 VARCHAR(255) INNODB utf8mb4 VARCHAR