所以，我来晚了，但这是我的两种观点——哲学上补充科林·赫伯特的答案。

在高层次上，你的问题涉及对象和类型之间的区别。虽然有很多Car(对象)，但只有一个Car类(类型)。将某些内容声明为静态意味着您在“类型”空间中操作。只有一个。顶级类关键字已经在“type”空间中定义了一个类型。因此，“公共静态类Car”是多余的。

具有私有构造函数的类是静态的。

像这样声明你的类:

public class eOAuth {

    private eOAuth(){}

    public final static int    ECodeOauthInvalidGrant = 0x1;
    public final static int    ECodeOauthUnknown       = 0x10;
    public static GetSomeStuff(){}

}

你可以在不初始化的情况下使用:

if (value == eOAuth.ECodeOauthInvalidGrant)
    eOAuth.GetSomeStuff();
...

只有嵌套类可以是静态的。通过这样做，您可以使用嵌套类而无需外部类的实例。

class OuterClass {
    public static class StaticNestedClass {
    }

    public class InnerClass {
    }

    public InnerClass getAnInnerClass() {
        return new InnerClass();
    }

    //This method doesn't work
    public static InnerClass getAnInnerClassStatically() {
        return new InnerClass();
    }
}

class OtherClass {
    //Use of a static nested class:
    private OuterClass.StaticNestedClass staticNestedClass = new OuterClass.StaticNestedClass();

    //Doesn't work
    private OuterClass.InnerClass innerClass = new OuterClass.InnerClass();

    //Use of an inner class:
    private OuterClass outerclass= new OuterClass();
    private OuterClass.InnerClass innerClass2 = outerclass.getAnInnerClass();
    private OuterClass.InnerClass innerClass3 = outerclass.new InnerClass();
}

来源:

关于嵌套类的Oracle教程

关于同一话题:

Java:静态与非静态内部类 Java内部类和静态嵌套类

唯一可以是静态的类是内部类。下面的代码工作得很好:

public class whatever {
    static class innerclass {
    }
}

静态内部类的意义在于它们没有外部类对象的引用。

In addition to how Java defines static inner classes, there is another definition of static classes as per the C# world [1]. A static class is one that has only static methods (functions) and it is meant to support procedural programming. Such classes aren't really classes in that the user of the class is only interested in the helper functions and not in creating instances of the class. While static classes are supported in C#, no such direct support exists in Java. You can however use enums to mimic C# static classes in Java so that a user can never create instances of a given class (even using reflection) [2]:

public enum StaticClass2 {
    // Empty enum trick to avoid instance creation
    ; // this semi-colon is important

    public static boolean isEmpty(final String s) {
        return s == null || s.isEmpty();
    }
}

当然可以，但只能是内部嵌套类。在这里，它意味着嵌套类的实例不需要外部类的封闭实例。

但是对于顶级类，语言设计者想不出任何有用的关键字，所以它是不允许的。