您可以通过声明一个没有实例的enum类型来创建一个实用程序类(它不能创建实例)。也就是说，你明确地声明没有实例。

public enum MyUtilities {;
   public static void myMethod();
}

默认情况下，顶级类是静态的。默认情况下，内部类是非静态的。您可以通过显式地将内部类标记为静态来更改它们的默认值。顶级类由于是顶级类，所以不能具有非静态语义，因为没有父类可以引用。因此，无法更改顶级类的默认值。

所以，我来晚了，但这是我的两种观点——哲学上补充科林·赫伯特的答案。

在高层次上，你的问题涉及对象和类型之间的区别。虽然有很多Car(对象)，但只有一个Car类(类型)。将某些内容声明为静态意味着您在“类型”空间中操作。只有一个。顶级类关键字已经在“type”空间中定义了一个类型。因此，“公共静态类Car”是多余的。

In addition to how Java defines static inner classes, there is another definition of static classes as per the C# world [1]. A static class is one that has only static methods (functions) and it is meant to support procedural programming. Such classes aren't really classes in that the user of the class is only interested in the helper functions and not in creating instances of the class. While static classes are supported in C#, no such direct support exists in Java. You can however use enums to mimic C# static classes in Java so that a user can never create instances of a given class (even using reflection) [2]:

public enum StaticClass2 {
    // Empty enum trick to avoid instance creation
    ; // this semi-colon is important

    public static boolean isEmpty(final String s) {
        return s == null || s.isEmpty();
    }
}

如果使用静态类的好处是不实例化对象并使用方法，那么只需将类声明为公共，并将此方法声明为静态。

只有嵌套类可以是静态的。通过这样做，您可以使用嵌套类而无需外部类的实例。

class OuterClass {
    public static class StaticNestedClass {
    }

    public class InnerClass {
    }

    public InnerClass getAnInnerClass() {
        return new InnerClass();
    }

    //This method doesn't work
    public static InnerClass getAnInnerClassStatically() {
        return new InnerClass();
    }
}

class OtherClass {
    //Use of a static nested class:
    private OuterClass.StaticNestedClass staticNestedClass = new OuterClass.StaticNestedClass();

    //Doesn't work
    private OuterClass.InnerClass innerClass = new OuterClass.InnerClass();

    //Use of an inner class:
    private OuterClass outerclass= new OuterClass();
    private OuterClass.InnerClass innerClass2 = outerclass.getAnInnerClass();
    private OuterClass.InnerClass innerClass3 = outerclass.new InnerClass();
}

来源:

关于嵌套类的Oracle教程

关于同一话题:

Java:静态与非静态内部类 Java内部类和静态嵌套类