我希望接受数字和小数点，但没有符号。
我已经看过使用Windows窗体中的NumericUpDown控件的示例，以及来自微软的这个NumericUpDown自定义控件的示例。但到目前为止，似乎NumericUpDown (WPF是否支持)不会提供我想要的功能。我的应用程序是这样设计的，任何头脑正常的人都不会想弄乱箭头。在我的应用程序中，它们没有任何实际意义。
所以我正在寻找一个简单的方法，使一个标准的WPF文本框只接受我想要的字符。这可能吗?实用吗?
当前回答
这里有一个非常简单和容易的方法来做到这一点使用MVVM。
在视图模型中绑定一个整数属性的文本框，这将像宝石一样工作…它甚至会在文本框中输入非整数时显示验证。
XAML代码:
<TextBox x:Name="contactNoTxtBox" Text="{Binding contactNo}" />
查看模型代码:
private long _contactNo;
public long contactNo
{
get { return _contactNo; }
set
{
if (value == _contactNo)
return;
_contactNo = value;
OnPropertyChanged();
}
}
其他回答
另一种方法将使用附加的行为，我实现了我的自定义TextBoxHelper类，它可以在我的项目中的所有文本框上使用。因为我认为为此目的订阅每个文本框和每个单独XAML文件中的事件会很耗时。
我实现的TextBoxHelper类有这些特性:
过滤和只接受Double, Int, Uint和自然格式的数字 只过滤和接受偶数或奇数 处理粘贴事件处理程序，以防止将无效文本粘贴到数值文本框中 可以设置一个默认值，这将被用来防止无效的数据作为最后一个镜头订阅的文本框TextChanged事件
下面是TextBoxHelper类的实现:
public static class TextBoxHelper
{
#region Enum Declarations
public enum NumericFormat
{
Double,
Int,
Uint,
Natural
}
public enum EvenOddConstraint
{
All,
OnlyEven,
OnlyOdd
}
#endregion
#region Dependency Properties & CLR Wrappers
public static readonly DependencyProperty OnlyNumericProperty =
DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("OnlyNumeric", typeof(NumericFormat?), typeof(TextBoxHelper),
new PropertyMetadata(null, DependencyPropertiesChanged));
public static void SetOnlyNumeric(TextBox element, NumericFormat value) =>
element.SetValue(OnlyNumericProperty, value);
public static NumericFormat GetOnlyNumeric(TextBox element) =>
(NumericFormat) element.GetValue(OnlyNumericProperty);
public static readonly DependencyProperty DefaultValueProperty =
DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("DefaultValue", typeof(string), typeof(TextBoxHelper),
new PropertyMetadata(null, DependencyPropertiesChanged));
public static void SetDefaultValue(TextBox element, string value) =>
element.SetValue(DefaultValueProperty, value);
public static string GetDefaultValue(TextBox element) => (string) element.GetValue(DefaultValueProperty);
public static readonly DependencyProperty EvenOddConstraintProperty =
DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("EvenOddConstraint", typeof(EvenOddConstraint), typeof(TextBoxHelper),
new PropertyMetadata(EvenOddConstraint.All, DependencyPropertiesChanged));
public static void SetEvenOddConstraint(TextBox element, EvenOddConstraint value) =>
element.SetValue(EvenOddConstraintProperty, value);
public static EvenOddConstraint GetEvenOddConstraint(TextBox element) =>
(EvenOddConstraint)element.GetValue(EvenOddConstraintProperty);
#endregion
#region Dependency Properties Methods
private static void DependencyPropertiesChanged(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
if (!(d is TextBox textBox))
throw new Exception("Attached property must be used with TextBox.");
switch (e.Property.Name)
{
case "OnlyNumeric":
{
var castedValue = (NumericFormat?) e.NewValue;
if (castedValue.HasValue)
{
textBox.PreviewTextInput += TextBox_PreviewTextInput;
DataObject.AddPastingHandler(textBox, TextBox_PasteEventHandler);
}
else
{
textBox.PreviewTextInput -= TextBox_PreviewTextInput;
DataObject.RemovePastingHandler(textBox, TextBox_PasteEventHandler);
}
break;
}
case "DefaultValue":
{
var castedValue = (string) e.NewValue;
if (castedValue != null)
{
textBox.TextChanged += TextBox_TextChanged;
}
else
{
textBox.TextChanged -= TextBox_TextChanged;
}
break;
}
}
}
#endregion
private static void TextBox_PreviewTextInput(object sender, TextCompositionEventArgs e)
{
var textBox = (TextBox)sender;
string newText;
if (textBox.SelectionLength == 0)
{
newText = textBox.Text.Insert(textBox.SelectionStart, e.Text);
}
else
{
var textAfterDelete = textBox.Text.Remove(textBox.SelectionStart, textBox.SelectionLength);
newText = textAfterDelete.Insert(textBox.SelectionStart, e.Text);
}
var evenOddConstraint = GetEvenOddConstraint(textBox);
switch (GetOnlyNumeric(textBox))
{
case NumericFormat.Double:
{
if (double.TryParse(newText, out double number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
e.Handled = false;
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
e.Handled = false;
break;
}
}
else
e.Handled = true;
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Int:
{
if (int.TryParse(newText, out int number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
e.Handled = false;
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
e.Handled = false;
break;
}
}
else
e.Handled = true;
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Uint:
{
if (uint.TryParse(newText, out uint number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
e.Handled = false;
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
e.Handled = false;
break;
}
}
else
e.Handled = true;
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Natural:
{
if (uint.TryParse(newText, out uint number))
{
if (number == 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
e.Handled = false;
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
e.Handled = true;
else
e.Handled = false;
break;
}
}
}
else
e.Handled = true;
break;
}
}
}
private static void TextBox_PasteEventHandler(object sender, DataObjectPastingEventArgs e)
{
var textBox = (TextBox)sender;
if (e.DataObject.GetDataPresent(typeof(string)))
{
var clipboardText = (string) e.DataObject.GetData(typeof(string));
var newText = textBox.Text.Insert(textBox.SelectionStart, clipboardText);
var evenOddConstraint = GetEvenOddConstraint(textBox);
switch (GetOnlyNumeric(textBox))
{
case NumericFormat.Double:
{
if (double.TryParse(newText, out double number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
e.CancelCommand();
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
e.CancelCommand();
break;
}
}
else
e.CancelCommand();
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Int:
{
if (int.TryParse(newText, out int number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
e.CancelCommand();
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
e.CancelCommand();
break;
}
}
else
e.CancelCommand();
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Uint:
{
if (uint.TryParse(newText, out uint number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
e.CancelCommand();
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
e.CancelCommand();
break;
}
}
else
e.CancelCommand();
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Natural:
{
if (uint.TryParse(newText, out uint number))
{
if (number == 0)
e.CancelCommand();
else
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
e.CancelCommand();
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
e.CancelCommand();
break;
}
}
}
else
{
e.CancelCommand();
}
break;
}
}
}
else
{
e.CancelCommand();
}
}
private static void TextBox_TextChanged(object sender, TextChangedEventArgs e)
{
var textBox = (TextBox)sender;
var defaultValue = GetDefaultValue(textBox);
var evenOddConstraint = GetEvenOddConstraint(textBox);
switch (GetOnlyNumeric(textBox))
{
case NumericFormat.Double:
{
if (double.TryParse(textBox.Text, out double number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
}
}
else
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Int:
{
if (int.TryParse(textBox.Text, out int number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
}
}
else
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Uint:
{
if (uint.TryParse(textBox.Text, out uint number))
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
}
}
else
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
}
case NumericFormat.Natural:
{
if (uint.TryParse(textBox.Text, out uint number))
{
if(number == 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
else
{
switch (evenOddConstraint)
{
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyEven:
if (number % 2 != 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
case EvenOddConstraint.OnlyOdd:
if (number % 2 == 0)
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
break;
}
}
}
else
{
textBox.Text = defaultValue;
}
break;
}
}
}
}
下面是一些简单用法的例子:
<TextBox viewHelpers:TextBoxHelper.OnlyNumeric="Double"
viewHelpers:TextBoxHelper.DefaultValue="1"/>
Or
<TextBox viewHelpers:TextBoxHelper.OnlyNumeric="Natural"
viewHelpers:TextBoxHelper.DefaultValue="3"
viewHelpers:TextBoxHelper.EvenOddConstraint="OnlyOdd"/>
注意，我的TextBoxHelper驻留在viewHelpers xmlns别名中。
我希望这个实现可以减轻其他人的工作:)
当检查数字值时，您可以使用VisualBasic。IsNumeric函数。
扩展的WPF工具包有一个:NumericUpDown
这是一种改进的WilPs解答。 我的改进是:
改进了删除和退格键的行为 增加了EmptyValue属性，如果空字符串是不合适的 修正了一些小错别字
/// <summary>
/// Regular expression for Textbox with properties:
/// <see cref="RegularExpression"/>,
/// <see cref="MaxLength"/>,
/// <see cref="EmptyValue"/>.
/// </summary>
public class TextBoxInputRegExBehaviour : Behavior<TextBox>
{
#region DependencyProperties
public static readonly DependencyProperty RegularExpressionProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("RegularExpression", typeof(string), typeof(TextBoxInputRegExBehaviour), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(".*"));
public string RegularExpression
{
get { return (string)GetValue(RegularExpressionProperty); }
set { SetValue(RegularExpressionProperty, value); }
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty MaxLengthProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("MaxLength", typeof(int), typeof(TextBoxInputRegExBehaviour),
new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(int.MinValue));
public int MaxLength
{
get { return (int)GetValue(MaxLengthProperty); }
set { SetValue(MaxLengthProperty, value); }
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty EmptyValueProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("EmptyValue", typeof(string), typeof(TextBoxInputRegExBehaviour), null);
public string EmptyValue
{
get { return (string)GetValue(EmptyValueProperty); }
set { SetValue(EmptyValueProperty, value); }
}
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// Attach our behaviour. Add event handlers
/// </summary>
protected override void OnAttached()
{
base.OnAttached();
AssociatedObject.PreviewTextInput += PreviewTextInputHandler;
AssociatedObject.PreviewKeyDown += PreviewKeyDownHandler;
DataObject.AddPastingHandler(AssociatedObject, PastingHandler);
}
/// <summary>
/// Deattach our behaviour. remove event handlers
/// </summary>
protected override void OnDetaching()
{
base.OnDetaching();
AssociatedObject.PreviewTextInput -= PreviewTextInputHandler;
AssociatedObject.PreviewKeyDown -= PreviewKeyDownHandler;
DataObject.RemovePastingHandler(AssociatedObject, PastingHandler);
}
#region Event handlers [PRIVATE] --------------------------------------
void PreviewTextInputHandler(object sender, TextCompositionEventArgs e)
{
string text;
if (this.AssociatedObject.Text.Length < this.AssociatedObject.CaretIndex)
text = this.AssociatedObject.Text;
else
{
// Remaining text after removing selected text.
string remainingTextAfterRemoveSelection;
text = TreatSelectedText(out remainingTextAfterRemoveSelection)
? remainingTextAfterRemoveSelection.Insert(AssociatedObject.SelectionStart, e.Text)
: AssociatedObject.Text.Insert(this.AssociatedObject.CaretIndex, e.Text);
}
e.Handled = !ValidateText(text);
}
/// <summary>
/// PreviewKeyDown event handler
/// </summary>
void PreviewKeyDownHandler(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.EmptyValue))
return;
string text = null;
// Handle the Backspace key
if (e.Key == Key.Back)
{
if (!this.TreatSelectedText(out text))
{
if (AssociatedObject.SelectionStart > 0)
text = this.AssociatedObject.Text.Remove(AssociatedObject.SelectionStart - 1, 1);
}
}
// Handle the Delete key
else if (e.Key == Key.Delete)
{
// If text was selected, delete it
if (!this.TreatSelectedText(out text) && this.AssociatedObject.Text.Length > AssociatedObject.SelectionStart)
{
// Otherwise delete next symbol
text = this.AssociatedObject.Text.Remove(AssociatedObject.SelectionStart, 1);
}
}
if (text == string.Empty)
{
this.AssociatedObject.Text = this.EmptyValue;
if (e.Key == Key.Back)
AssociatedObject.SelectionStart++;
e.Handled = true;
}
}
private void PastingHandler(object sender, DataObjectPastingEventArgs e)
{
if (e.DataObject.GetDataPresent(DataFormats.Text))
{
string text = Convert.ToString(e.DataObject.GetData(DataFormats.Text));
if (!ValidateText(text))
e.CancelCommand();
}
else
e.CancelCommand();
}
#endregion Event handlers [PRIVATE] -----------------------------------
#region Auxiliary methods [PRIVATE] -----------------------------------
/// <summary>
/// Validate certain text by our regular expression and text length conditions
/// </summary>
/// <param name="text"> Text for validation </param>
/// <returns> True - valid, False - invalid </returns>
private bool ValidateText(string text)
{
return (new Regex(this.RegularExpression, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase)).IsMatch(text) && (MaxLength == int.MinValue || text.Length <= MaxLength);
}
/// <summary>
/// Handle text selection
/// </summary>
/// <returns>true if the character was successfully removed; otherwise, false. </returns>
private bool TreatSelectedText(out string text)
{
text = null;
if (AssociatedObject.SelectionLength <= 0)
return false;
var length = this.AssociatedObject.Text.Length;
if (AssociatedObject.SelectionStart >= length)
return true;
if (AssociatedObject.SelectionStart + AssociatedObject.SelectionLength >= length)
AssociatedObject.SelectionLength = length - AssociatedObject.SelectionStart;
text = this.AssociatedObject.Text.Remove(AssociatedObject.SelectionStart, AssociatedObject.SelectionLength);
return true;
}
#endregion Auxiliary methods [PRIVATE] --------------------------------
}
用法非常简单:
<i:Interaction.Behaviors>
<behaviours:TextBoxInputRegExBehaviour RegularExpression="^\d+$" MaxLength="9" EmptyValue="0" />
</i:Interaction.Behaviors>
在Windows窗体中，这很容易;你可以添加一个事件按键和一切工作轻松。然而，在WPF中该事件不存在。但是有一个更简单的方法。
WPF文本框有TextChanged事件，这是一般的一切。它包括粘贴，输入和任何你能想到的东西。
所以你可以这样做:
XAML:
<TextBox name="txtBox1" ... TextChanged="TextBox_TextChanged"/>
背后的代码:
private void TextBox_TextChanged(object sender, TextChangedEventArgs e) {
string s = Regex.Replace(((TextBox)sender).Text, @"[^\d.]", "");
((TextBox)sender).Text = s;
}
这也是可以接受的。，如果你不想要它，只需将它从正则表达式语句中删除为@[^\d]。
注意:此事件可以用于许多TextBox元素，因为它使用发送方对象的文本。您只需编写一次事件，并且可以将其用于多个TextBox元素。
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