在Swift 3.0中

images.sort(by: { (first: imageFile, second: imageFile) -> Bool in
    first. fileID < second. fileID
})

var students = ["Kofi", "Abena", "Peter", "Kweku", "Akosua"]

students.sort(by: >)

print(students)

彼得Prints:“[””、“科菲Kweku”、“”、“Akosua Abena”、“]”

如果你要在多个地方对这个数组排序，让你的数组类型Comparable是有意义的。

class MyImageType: Comparable, Printable {
    var fileID: Int

    // For Printable
    var description: String {
        get {
            return "ID: \(fileID)"
        }
    }

    init(fileID: Int) {
        self.fileID = fileID
    }
}

// For Comparable
func <(left: MyImageType, right: MyImageType) -> Bool {
    return left.fileID < right.fileID
}

// For Comparable
func ==(left: MyImageType, right: MyImageType) -> Bool {
    return left.fileID == right.fileID
}

let one = MyImageType(fileID: 1)
let two = MyImageType(fileID: 2)
let twoA = MyImageType(fileID: 2)
let three = MyImageType(fileID: 3)

let a1 = [one, three, two]

// return a sorted array
println(sorted(a1)) // "[ID: 1, ID: 2, ID: 3]"

var a2 = [two, one, twoA, three]

// sort the array 'in place'
sort(&a2)
println(a2) // "[ID: 1, ID: 2, ID: 2, ID: 3]"

你也可以这样做

images = sorted(images) {$0.fileID > $1.fileID}

你的图像数组会以排序的方式存储

在Swift 5中，Array有两个方法，分别是sorted()和sorted(by:)。第一个方法sorted()有如下声明:

返回排序后的集合元素。

func sorted() -> [Element]

第二个方法，排序(通过:)，有如下声明:

返回集合的元素，使用给定的谓词作为元素之间的比较进行排序。

func sorted(by areInIncreasingOrder: (Element, Element) throws -> Bool) rethrows -> [Element]

# 1。对可比较的对象进行升序排序

如果集合中的元素类型符合Comparable协议，则可以使用sorted()以升序对元素进行排序。下面的Playground代码展示了如何使用sorted():

class ImageFile: CustomStringConvertible, Comparable {

    let fileName: String
    let fileID: Int
    var description: String { return "ImageFile with ID: \(fileID)" }

    init(fileName: String, fileID: Int) {
        self.fileName = fileName
        self.fileID = fileID
    }

    static func ==(lhs: ImageFile, rhs: ImageFile) -> Bool {
        return lhs.fileID == rhs.fileID
    }

    static func <(lhs: ImageFile, rhs: ImageFile) -> Bool {
        return lhs.fileID < rhs.fileID
    }

}

let images = [
    ImageFile(fileName: "Car", fileID: 300),
    ImageFile(fileName: "Boat", fileID: 100),
    ImageFile(fileName: "Plane", fileID: 200)
]

let sortedImages = images.sorted()
print(sortedImages)

/*
 prints: [ImageFile with ID: 100, ImageFile with ID: 200, ImageFile with ID: 300]
 */

# 2。对可比较的对象按降序排序

如果集合中的元素类型符合Comparable协议，则必须使用sorted(by:)以降序对元素进行排序。

class ImageFile: CustomStringConvertible, Comparable {

    let fileName: String
    let fileID: Int
    var description: String { return "ImageFile with ID: \(fileID)" }

    init(fileName: String, fileID: Int) {
        self.fileName = fileName
        self.fileID = fileID
    }

    static func ==(lhs: ImageFile, rhs: ImageFile) -> Bool {
        return lhs.fileID == rhs.fileID
    }

    static func <(lhs: ImageFile, rhs: ImageFile) -> Bool {
        return lhs.fileID < rhs.fileID
    }

}

let images = [
    ImageFile(fileName: "Car", fileID: 300),
    ImageFile(fileName: "Boat", fileID: 100),
    ImageFile(fileName: "Plane", fileID: 200)
]

let sortedImages = images.sorted(by: { (img0: ImageFile, img1: ImageFile) -> Bool in
    return img0 > img1
})
//let sortedImages = images.sorted(by: >) // also works
//let sortedImages = images.sorted { $0 > $1 } // also works
print(sortedImages)

/*
 prints: [ImageFile with ID: 300, ImageFile with ID: 200, ImageFile with ID: 100]
 */

# 3。对不可比较的对象按升序或降序排序

如果集合中的元素类型不符合Comparable协议，则必须使用sorted(by:)以升序或降序对元素进行排序。

class ImageFile: CustomStringConvertible {

    let fileName: String
    let fileID: Int
    var description: String { return "ImageFile with ID: \(fileID)" }

    init(fileName: String, fileID: Int) {
        self.fileName = fileName
        self.fileID = fileID
    }

}

let images = [
    ImageFile(fileName: "Car", fileID: 300),
    ImageFile(fileName: "Boat", fileID: 100),
    ImageFile(fileName: "Plane", fileID: 200)
]

let sortedImages = images.sorted(by: { (img0: ImageFile, img1: ImageFile) -> Bool in
    return img0.fileID < img1.fileID
})
//let sortedImages = images.sorted { $0.fileID < $1.fileID } // also works
print(sortedImages)

/*
 prints: [ImageFile with ID: 300, ImageFile with ID: 200, ImageFile with ID: 100]
 */

注意，Swift还提供了两个方法sort()和sort(by:)作为sorted()和sorted(by:)的对应，如果你需要对你的集合进行就地排序。

使用KeyPath排序

你可以像这样通过KeyPath排序:

myArray.sorted(by: \.fileName, <) /* using `<` for ascending sorting */

通过实现这个有用的扩展。

extension Collection{
    func sorted<Value: Comparable>(
        by keyPath: KeyPath<Element, Value>,
        _ comparator: (_ lhs: Value, _ rhs: Value) -> Bool) -> [Element] {
        sorted { comparator($0[keyPath: keyPath], $1[keyPath: keyPath]) }
    }
}

希望Swift在不久的将来把这个添加到语言的核心中。