假设我们有一个名为imageFile的自定义类,这个类包含两个属性:

class imageFile  {
    var fileName = String()
    var fileID = Int()
}

很多都存储在一个数组中:

var images : Array = []

var aImage = imageFile()
aImage.fileName = "image1.png"
aImage.fileID = 101
images.append(aImage)

aImage = imageFile()
aImage.fileName = "image1.png"
aImage.fileID = 202
images.append(aImage)

我如何排序的图像数组由'fileID'升序或降序?


当前回答

[为Swift 3更新了sort(by:)]这,利用一个尾随闭包:

images.sorted { $0.fileID < $1.fileID }

根据ASC或DESC分别使用<或>。如果你想修改图像数组,那么使用以下命令:

images.sort { $0.fileID < $1.fileID }

如果你要重复这样做,并且更喜欢定义一个函数,一种方法是:

func sorterForFileIDASC(this:imageFile, that:imageFile) -> Bool {
  return this.fileID < that.fileID
}

然后用as:

images.sort(by: sorterForFileIDASC)

其他回答

斯威夫特3、4、5所示

    struct imageFile  {
        var fileName = String()
        var fileID = Int()
    }
    
    //append objects like this
    var arrImages = [imageFile]()
    arrImages.append(.init(fileName: "Hello1.png", fileID: 1))
    arrImages.append(.init(fileName: "Hello3.png", fileID: 3))
    arrImages.append(.init(fileName: "Hello2.png",fileID: 2))

    
    //array sorting using below code
    let sortImagesArr = arrImages.sorted(by: {$0.fileID < $1.fileID})
    print(sortImagesArr)
    
    //output
    
    imageFile(fileName: "Hello1.png", fileID: 1),
    imageFile(fileName: "Hello2.png", fileID: 2),
    imageFile(fileName: "Hello3.png", fileID: 3)
var students = ["Kofi", "Abena", "Peter", "Kweku", "Akosua"]

students.sort(by: >)

print(students)

彼得Prints:“[””、“科菲Kweku”、“”、“Akosua Abena”、“]”

在Swift 3.0中

images.sort(by: { (first: imageFile, second: imageFile) -> Bool in
    first. fileID < second. fileID
})

在Swift 5中,Array有两个方法,分别是sorted()和sorted(by:)。第一个方法sorted()有如下声明:

返回排序后的集合元素。

func sorted() -> [Element]

第二个方法,排序(通过:),有如下声明:

返回集合的元素,使用给定的谓词作为元素之间的比较进行排序。

func sorted(by areInIncreasingOrder: (Element, Element) throws -> Bool) rethrows -> [Element]

# 1。对可比较的对象进行升序排序

如果集合中的元素类型符合Comparable协议,则可以使用sorted()以升序对元素进行排序。下面的Playground代码展示了如何使用sorted():

class ImageFile: CustomStringConvertible, Comparable {

    let fileName: String
    let fileID: Int
    var description: String { return "ImageFile with ID: \(fileID)" }

    init(fileName: String, fileID: Int) {
        self.fileName = fileName
        self.fileID = fileID
    }

    static func ==(lhs: ImageFile, rhs: ImageFile) -> Bool {
        return lhs.fileID == rhs.fileID
    }

    static func <(lhs: ImageFile, rhs: ImageFile) -> Bool {
        return lhs.fileID < rhs.fileID
    }

}

let images = [
    ImageFile(fileName: "Car", fileID: 300),
    ImageFile(fileName: "Boat", fileID: 100),
    ImageFile(fileName: "Plane", fileID: 200)
]

let sortedImages = images.sorted()
print(sortedImages)

/*
 prints: [ImageFile with ID: 100, ImageFile with ID: 200, ImageFile with ID: 300]
 */

# 2。对可比较的对象按降序排序

如果集合中的元素类型符合Comparable协议,则必须使用sorted(by:)以降序对元素进行排序。

class ImageFile: CustomStringConvertible, Comparable {

    let fileName: String
    let fileID: Int
    var description: String { return "ImageFile with ID: \(fileID)" }

    init(fileName: String, fileID: Int) {
        self.fileName = fileName
        self.fileID = fileID
    }

    static func ==(lhs: ImageFile, rhs: ImageFile) -> Bool {
        return lhs.fileID == rhs.fileID
    }

    static func <(lhs: ImageFile, rhs: ImageFile) -> Bool {
        return lhs.fileID < rhs.fileID
    }

}

let images = [
    ImageFile(fileName: "Car", fileID: 300),
    ImageFile(fileName: "Boat", fileID: 100),
    ImageFile(fileName: "Plane", fileID: 200)
]

let sortedImages = images.sorted(by: { (img0: ImageFile, img1: ImageFile) -> Bool in
    return img0 > img1
})
//let sortedImages = images.sorted(by: >) // also works
//let sortedImages = images.sorted { $0 > $1 } // also works
print(sortedImages)

/*
 prints: [ImageFile with ID: 300, ImageFile with ID: 200, ImageFile with ID: 100]
 */

# 3。对不可比较的对象按升序或降序排序

如果集合中的元素类型不符合Comparable协议,则必须使用sorted(by:)以升序或降序对元素进行排序。

class ImageFile: CustomStringConvertible {

    let fileName: String
    let fileID: Int
    var description: String { return "ImageFile with ID: \(fileID)" }

    init(fileName: String, fileID: Int) {
        self.fileName = fileName
        self.fileID = fileID
    }

}

let images = [
    ImageFile(fileName: "Car", fileID: 300),
    ImageFile(fileName: "Boat", fileID: 100),
    ImageFile(fileName: "Plane", fileID: 200)
]

let sortedImages = images.sorted(by: { (img0: ImageFile, img1: ImageFile) -> Bool in
    return img0.fileID < img1.fileID
})
//let sortedImages = images.sorted { $0.fileID < $1.fileID } // also works
print(sortedImages)

/*
 prints: [ImageFile with ID: 300, ImageFile with ID: 200, ImageFile with ID: 100]
 */

注意,Swift还提供了两个方法sort()和sort(by:)作为sorted()和sorted(by:)的对应,如果你需要对你的集合进行就地排序。

几乎每个人都给出了如何直接,让我来展示一下演变:

你可以使用Array的实例方法:

// general form of closure
images.sortInPlace({ (image1: imageFile, image2: imageFile) -> Bool in return image1.fileID > image2.fileID })

// types of closure's parameters and return value can be inferred by Swift, so they are omitted along with the return arrow (->)
images.sortInPlace({ image1, image2 in return image1.fileID > image2.fileID })

// Single-expression closures can implicitly return the result of their single expression by omitting the "return" keyword
images.sortInPlace({ image1, image2 in image1.fileID > image2.fileID })

// closure's argument list along with "in" keyword can be omitted, $0, $1, $2, and so on are used to refer the closure's first, second, third arguments and so on
images.sortInPlace({ $0.fileID > $1.fileID })

// the simplification of the closure is the same
images = images.sort({ (image1: imageFile, image2: imageFile) -> Bool in return image1.fileID > image2.fileID })
images = images.sort({ image1, image2 in return image1.fileID > image2.fileID })
images = images.sort({ image1, image2 in image1.fileID > image2.fileID })
images = images.sort({ $0.fileID > $1.fileID })

关于排序的工作原理的详细解释,请参见排序函数。