我的ruby版本的@robinst的想法，工作速度快了两倍(这在搜索非常旧的提交时很重要)。

find-commit.rb

commit = ARGV[0]
master = ARGV[1] || 'origin/master'

unless commit
  puts "Usage: find-commit.rb commit [master-branch]"
  puts "Will show commit that merged <commit> into <master-branch>"
  exit 1
end

parents = `git rev-list #{commit}..#{master} --reverse --first-parent --merges`.split("\n")
ancestry = `git rev-list #{commit}..#{master} --reverse --ancestry-path --merges`.split("\n")
merge = (parents & ancestry)[0]

if merge
  system "git show #{merge}"
else
  puts "#{master} doesn't include #{commit}"
  exit 2
end

你可以这样使用它:

ruby find-commit.rb SHA master

基于Gauthier的回答，我们不需要使用comm来比较列表。因为我们在——ancestry-path中寻找最后一个结果，它也在——first-parent中，我们可以简单地在前者的输出中grep后者:

git rev-list <SHA>..master --ancestry-path | grep -f <(git rev-list <SHA>..master --first-parent) | tail -1

或者为了更简洁和可重用，这里有一个可以弹出到.bashrc的函数:

function git-find-merge() {
  git rev-list $1..master --ancestry-path | grep -f <(git rev-list $1..master --first-parent) | tail -1
}

添加到~/.gitconfig:

[alias]
    find-merge = "!sh -c 'commit=$0 && branch=${1:-HEAD} && (git rev-list $commit..$branch --ancestry-path | cat -n; git rev-list $commit..$branch --first-parent | cat -n) | sort -k2 -s | uniq -f1 -d | sort -n | tail -1 | cut -f2'"
    show-merge = "!sh -c 'merge=$(git find-merge $0 $1) && [ -n \"$merge\" ] && git show $merge'"

然后你可以像这样使用别名:

# current branch
git find-merge <SHA-1>
# specify master
git find-merge <SHA-1> master

要查看合并提交的消息和其他细节，请使用带有相同参数的git show-merge。

(基于Gauthier的回答。感谢Rosen Matev和javabrett用sort纠正了一个问题。)

图形化的解决方案是在gitk中找到它(使用“SHA1 ID”框)，然后沿着提交行直到合并提交。

git log --topo-order

然后在提交之前寻找第一个合并。

我使用下面的bash脚本，我放置在路径~/bin/git-find-merge。它基于Gauthier的答案和evilstreak的答案，并在处理极端情况时做了一些调整。当输入未排序时，Comm抛出。Grep -f工作得很完美。

角情况下:

如果commit是分支的第一个父路径上的合并提交，则返回commit。 如果commit在分支的第一个父路径上是非合并提交，则返回分支。要么是ff merge，要么是只在分支上提交没有办法确定正确的提交。 如果commit和branch相同，则返回commit。

~ / bin / git-find-merge脚本:

#!/bin/bash

commit=$1
if [ -z $commit ]; then
    echo 1>&2 "fatal: commit is required"
    exit 1
fi
commit=$(git rev-parse $commit)
branch=${2-@}

# if branch points to commit (both are same), then return commit
if [ $commit == $(git rev-parse $branch) ]; then
    git log -1 $commit
    exit
fi

# if commit is a merge commit on first-parent path of branch,
# then return commit
# if commit is a NON-merge commit on first-parent path of branch,
# then return branch as it's either a ff merge or commit is only on branch
# and there is not a good way to figure out the right commit
if [[ $(git log --first-parent --pretty='%P' $commit..$branch | \
    cut -d' ' -f1 | \
    grep $commit | wc -l) -eq 1 ]]; then
    if [ $(git show -s --format="%P" $commit | wc -w) -gt 1 ]; then
        # if commit is a merge commit
        git log -1 $commit
    else
        # if commit is a NON-merge commit
        echo 1>&2 ""
        echo 1>&2 "error: returning the branch commit (ff merge or commit only on branch)"
        echo 1>&2 ""
        git log -1 $branch
    fi
    exit
fi

# 1st common commit from bottom of first-parent and ancestry-path
merge=$(grep -f \
    <(git rev-list --first-parent  $commit..$branch) \
    <(git rev-list --ancestry-path $commit..$branch) \
        | tail -1)
if [ ! -z $merge ]; then
    git log -1 $merge
    exit
fi

# merge commit not found
echo 1>&2 "fatal: no merge commit found"
exit 1

这让我可以这样做:

(master)
$ git find-merge <commit>    # to find when commit merged to current branch
$ git find-merge <branch>    # to find when branch merged to current branch
$ git find-merge <commit> pu # to find when commit merged to pu branch

这个脚本也可以在我的github。